我們學過了現在進行時及其用法后,就不難理解過去進行時(The Pass Progressive)。
過去進行時主要表示過去某個時刻正在進行的動作,由 be 動詞的過去式(were /was)加現在分詞構成。
過去進行時的結構:
主語 + were / was + 現在分詞
(一)過去進行時的用法
(1)表示過去某個時刻或某一階段正在進行的動作。
常和表示過去的時間狀語如 then,at this(that)time,yesterday,last year 等連用。但值得注意的是,在很多情況下,句中并沒有表示時間的狀語,需要通過上下文來表示。
例如:What were you doing at about 4 o'clock yesterday afternoon?
昨天下午大約4點鐘時,你在干什么?
I was listening to music.
我在聽音樂。(指昨晚大約4點時)
Jane was doing her homework last night.
簡昨晚在做作業。(指昨晚的某一段時間內)
(2)在某事(動作)發生前開始的動作,常與一般過去時組成復句,用在主句或從句中。
例如:Just as I was leaving the hou,the telephone rang.
我正要離開房子時,電話鈴響了。
He broke his leg when he was playing football.
他踢足球時,弄傷了腿。
She was reading when he called.
他打來電話時,她正在看書。
(3)表示同時進行的動作
例如:While you were writing letters,I was reading a book.
你寫信時,我在讀一本書。(兩個動作同時進行)
While we were having breakfast,John was talking on the telephone.
我們吃早飯時,約翰正在打電話。(兩個動作同時進行)
(4)表示過去將來的動作, 常用在間接引語中
例如:She was leaving early the next morning.
她第二天一早就要離開。(此處的 was leaving 表示過去將來的動作,不是過去進行時。)
She asked whether he was coming back for lunch.
她問他是否回來吃午飯。(此處的 was coming 表示過去將來的動作,不是過去進行時。)
We were coming to e you,but it rained(so we didn't.)
我們本來是要來看你的,但是下雨了。(所以我們沒有來。)
(這種用法僅限少數瞬間動詞,如 come,go, leave, arrive 等 )
(5)表示客氣的詢問,比用一般過去時更客氣,更不肯定。
例如:My boss was wondering about it.
我的老板想知道此事。
I was wondering how to get there quickly.
我想知道怎樣快速到達那里。
They were wondering where to spend the weekend.
他們想知道去哪里過周末。
(二)過去進行時的肯定句、疑問句和否定句
(1)肯定句:主語 + were / was + 現在分詞
例如:I was watching TV when you came to visit me last night.
你昨晚來看我時,我正在看電視。
We were playing basketball on the playground then.
那時我們正在操場上打籃球。
(2)疑問句:Were / Was + 主語 + 現在分詞 + ? (一般疑問句)
例如:Was he reading a book at 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon?
他昨天下午三點在讀書嗎?
Yes, he was. 是的,他在讀。
No, he was not. (he wasn't.) 不,他沒在讀。
Were they swimming in the river when the teacher came?
老師來時,他們正在河里游泳嗎?
Yes, they were. 是的,他們在游泳。
No, they were not.(they weren't) 不,他們沒在游泳。
特殊疑問句: 在一般疑問句前加 What, Where, Why, Which, How 等
What were you doing while your mother was cooking?
你媽媽做飯時,你在干什么?
Where is she singing when you saw her?
你看見她時,她正在哪兒唱歌?
Why were they all sleeping at about 10 o'clock this morning?
為什么今早大約10點時他們都在睡覺?
Which car was he driving at the race?
比賽時他開的是哪輛車?
How were you describing the accident then?
你當時是如何描述那場事故的?
(3)否定句:主語 + were not / was not + 現在分詞
例如:The dog was not barking while the stranger was passing by.
那陌生人路過時,狗沒有叫。
I wasn't doing my homework when you knocked the door.
你敲門時,我沒在做作業。
They said that they weren't making a snowman.
他們說他們不去堆雪人了。( 注意:weren't making 表示過去將來的動作)
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