傀儡是什么意思(做別人的傀儡是什么意思)

potentate 英 [?p??tnte?t] 美 [?po?tnte?t] n. 統治者，君主；有權勢的人

■拆: pot(power)+ent+ate(v/n后綴) -> 引申為有權力的人 -> 君主

■考點: n.有權的人: one who has the power and position to rule over others

■e.g. a son of a potentate 官二代

■同: authority, autocrat, monarch, ruler, sovereign

■反: figurehead (有名無權的)傀儡

ostracize 英 [??str?sa?z] 美 [?ɑ?str?sa?z] vt. 放逐；排斥；按貝殼流放法放逐

■拆: ostrac(瓦片)+ize(v后綴) -> 投瓦片 古希臘的陶片放逐法 -> 指放逐/排斥

■考點: vt.驅逐: to exclude from a group

■e.g. He was ostracized from the scientific community for many years becau of his radical political beliefs.他因激進的政治理想被驅逐出了科學界很多年。

■同: banish, bounce, cha, dismiss, expel, extrude, oust, boot out, cast out, run off, drum out, kick out, throw out, turf out

■反: take in, include, embrace, welcome 接納

scrap 英 [skr?p] 美 [skr?p] n. 碎片；殘余物；打架；少量 vt. 廢棄；使解體；拆毀 adj. 廢棄的；零碎的 vi. 吵架

■拆: scrap(scrip-:write ) -> 原始含義 刻, 削，磨　后引申為碎片; 殘留物

■考點1: n.廢料，廢物: discarded or uless material

■e.g. The rest of this stuff is just scrap, so sweep it up and throw it away.剩下的這堆東西都是、沒用的，把它們打掃一下就扔了吧。

■同: chaff, debris, dreck, dross, dust, effluvium, junk, litter, offal, offscouring, raffle, refu, riffraff, rubbish, waste

■考點2: vt.拋棄: to get rid of as uless or unwanted

■e.g. We've decided to scrap the first car.我們決定丟棄第一輛車。

■同: ditch, dump, jettison, junk, toss, throw away

■反: retrieve 找回

■考點3: v.終止，放棄原計劃: to put an end to (something planned or previously agreed to)

■e.g. We scrapped our plans to go to Paris, and t out the next day for Prague. 我們取消了去巴黎的計劃，第二天啟程奔赴布拉格。

■同: abandon, abort, drop, recall, repeal, rescind, revoke, call off, cry off

■反: continue, keep 繼續，持續

gaffe 英 [ɡ?f] 美 [ɡ?f] n. 失態；過失

■拆: 原義為鉤子 詞源同gaff，詞源不明，可能來自擬聲詞, 鴨子的叫聲，表示拙劣的講話 后引申為 失態

■考點1: n.(社交上)失禮，失態: a social or diplomatic blunder

■e.g. A gaffe is when a politician tells the truth.——Michael Kinsley所謂出丑，就是政治家說真話的時候(邁克?金斯利)

■同: impropriety, indecorum, indiscretion

■反: decency, decorum, propriety 舉止得體

■考點2: n.明顯的錯誤，錯誤判斷: a blatant mistake or misjudgment

■e.g. so-called debates, which were mainly about eing which candidate made the most gaffes 所謂的辯論，其實主要就是看哪個選手犯了最多的錯誤

■同: blunder, lap, misstep, oversight

needy 英 [?ni?di] 美 [?ni?di] adj. 貧困的；貧窮的；生活艱苦的

■考點: adj.貧困的: being in need; impoverished, poor

■e.g. As a child, she was extremely needy and had no lf-confidence.她是一個非常貧窮的小孩，因此缺乏自信

■同: destitute, impecunious, impoverished, indigent, penurious, poor, threadbare

■反: affluent, opulent, wealthy 富有的