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中考動(dòng)詞及時(shí)態(tài)

知識(shí)點(diǎn)4動(dòng)詞及時(shí)態(tài)

知識(shí)概要

動(dòng)詞在語言中是必不可少的一部分。它的語法現(xiàn)象也較多，但在

初中范圍主要有以下幾方面問題。①時(shí)態(tài)：初中范圍主要有一般現(xiàn)在

時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，將來時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)六

種時(shí)態(tài)。②語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)。③助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。④非

謂語動(dòng)詞，也就是不定式，動(dòng)名詞及現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞的用法。時(shí)

態(tài)主要掌握以下幾種時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用要點(diǎn)和習(xí)慣用法。

1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：主要有以下三方面，①用來表示狀態(tài)，特征或不

受時(shí)間限制的客觀存在和真理。如：Matterexistsinthreestates物

質(zhì)有三態(tài)。又如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun②表示習(xí)慣

性和經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，如：Ioftengotobedat9∶３０③在時(shí)間、

條件等狀語從句中表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，如：AssoonasIget

thereI'lltelephoneyou.

2一般過去時(shí)：①主要用于表達(dá)過去時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的

狀態(tài)，如：Iwasilllastweek②過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)

作，如：Iudtogetupatsix.

3一般將來時(shí)：用于表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，其構(gòu)成方式①用ｗill

(shall)+動(dòng)詞原形來表達(dá)將來在某一時(shí)間內(nèi)要發(fā)生，或經(jīng)常、將要發(fā)生

的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，如：SchoolwillbeginonSepember1st②用be

goingto+動(dòng)詞原形，用來表示不久將要發(fā)生或打算去作的動(dòng)作。如：

I'mgoingtoswimthisafternoon③be+現(xiàn)在分詞，也就是

用某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來，如：I'mcoming。這些動(dòng)詞

只限于：go,come,leave,start,move,sail,arrive,reach,getto等

表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。④在狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。

4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：用于表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，如：Whatare

youdoingnow?要注意的是表示狀態(tài)，情感的某些詞沒有現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，

這些動(dòng)詞有：like,have(有)，love,know,understand,remember,

forget,e,hear,smell,taste,feel,wishhope,expect…

5過去將來時(shí)：用來表達(dá)從過去某時(shí)間點(diǎn)上看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，如：

Hetoldmehewouldcometomyparty

6現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的兩個(gè)用處是：①用來

表達(dá)在過去開始的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，如：I'vestudiedEnglishfortwo

years②用來表達(dá)過去發(fā)生的事但它影響到現(xiàn)在，如：Ihaven't

'mhungrynow現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)

的區(qū)別在于動(dòng)作的截止時(shí)間，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作截止于現(xiàn)在，

而過去完成時(shí)所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作截止于過去。如：Ihaven'tenmyold

teacherforalongtime我好久未見到我過去的老師了。是指到目

前截止。如果加上一句話，則將變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)，如：YesterdayI

'tenhimforalongtime.因?yàn)槲液镁?/p>

未見他這一情況截止于昨天。還要注意的一個(gè)問題是截止性動(dòng)詞可以

有完成時(shí)，但不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，如：WhenIgotto

school,theclasshadbegun如果一定要講開始幾分鐘了則要換用

表示狀態(tài)，或延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如：WhenIgottoschool,theclasshad

beenonforfiveminutes

動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一共有16種，以ask為例，將其各種時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式

列表如下：

現(xiàn)在時(shí)過去時(shí)將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)

一般

ask/asksaskedshall/willaskshould/wouldask

進(jìn)行

am/is/are

asking

was/were

asking

shall/willbe

asking

should/wouldbe

asking

完成

have/hasaskedhadaskedshall/willhave

asked

should/wouldhave

asked

完成進(jìn)

行

have/hasbeen

asking

hadbeen

asking

shall/willhave

beenasking

should/wouldhave

beenasking

一、考點(diǎn)分析

考點(diǎn)一：時(shí)態(tài)在狀語從句中的考察。（主要是時(shí)態(tài)的搭配使用）

A、“主將從現(xiàn)”原則

[例]---I’llplanavisittoHongKongifit____tomorrow.

---Really?IthinkI________withyou.

’train,’train,go

’train,’train,willgo

B、一般過去時(shí)與三種時(shí)態(tài)的搭配使用：

一般過去時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，一般過去

時(shí)與過去將來時(shí)

[例]Hewassurethathehiswalletintheoffice.

t

[例]Whenshe_____atthedoor,mymother_____some

washing.

d…cking…did

d……isdoing

考點(diǎn)二：語境中時(shí)態(tài)的對(duì)比使用（主要是時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)分）

A、一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別

[例]----______youever________Tombefore?

----No,I_____himjusttwominutesago.

,know;,known;havemet

,known;,know;hadmet

B、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別

[例]_____shortstories,buthe____aTVplaythe

days.

ing…ing…writes

……writes

C、一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別

[例]—Howdidtheaccidenthappen?

—Youknow,itdifficulttoetheroadclearlybecau

it.

……h(huán)adrained

……rained

考點(diǎn)三：延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)中與時(shí)間狀語的搭配使用（主要是在

完成時(shí)中的使用）

A、在特殊疑問句中的考查

[例]--Howlong______you__________England,Sue?

--Sincetwoyearsago.

,,,beeninD.

have,movedto

B、在句型中的考查

[例]It______twoyearssincehe_______theParty.

;;joined

n;n;joined

C、在一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)之間進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換中的考查

[例]Themeetinghasbeenofffortwohours.

It_______________________since_______________.

Themeeting___________________twohoursago.

3、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)分析

A、when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，時(shí)態(tài)的對(duì)比使用問題

[例]WhenI_____theChildren'sPalace,thechildren_____with

joy.

d…iting,jumped

d…d,hadjumped

[例]Myfather______________inthisschoolwhenhewas12

yearsold.

d

B、主將從現(xiàn)中，一般將來時(shí)的表達(dá)方式問題

[例]’llbeheresoon.

C、回答中動(dòng)詞的重復(fù)替代問題

[例]----______you______thetext?

----Yes,we_____ittwohoursago.

,copy;,copied;havecopied

,copied;,copy;had

D、語境的限制問題

[例]---Hi!'teyouattheparty.

---Oh,I________readyforthemathxam.

t

E、時(shí)態(tài)中的“特殊”對(duì)策的原則

[例]TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25

________ChristmasDay.

F、母語理解干擾的問題

[例]---Iamsosorry,I____________yournumber,canyou

sayitagain?

---89907622

初中英語時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)100題（九年級(jí)適用）

ellhimassoonashe_____.

_____onshoeswhenshe____them.

…………buies

loften______coldwhenshe______.

…s……dancees

s…dancee

4._____he____himlfthere?No,Idon'tthinkso.

…………enj

oy

5._____yourteacher____fromthemveryoften?Certainly.

………e

6._____yourmother_____somecleaningonSundays?

…………do

7._____Tom_____toworkhardtohelphisfamily?Yes,he___

__.

…x……x…does

…h(huán)as……h(huán)ave…does

eacher_____lessonstoyoueveryday?

………

oesnotgofishingonweekdays,____?_____,hedo

es.

……'the…'t

he…Yes

koften_____fishingonSundays,_____he?

…doesn'…isn''tgo…'

tgo…is

lly_____TVonSundayevening.

hing

'llgotoplaywithsnowifit______

rInorhe______'tspeak

'tspeak

______

ing

ngPioneer_____waterfortheoldmaneveryda

s

e______intheriverandsomeare______games.

ng…ng…ng…I

ng…plaing

!Theboystudentsare_____footballwhilethegirls

are_____.

g…g……dancingD.p

lay…dance

_____todohislessonsateighteveryevening.

19._____he_____onwellwithhisfriendsthisterm?

…………geting

h_____shortstories,buthe____aTVplaythe

days.

ing…ing……iswrit

…writes

21.I_____tothecinema.I______thereeverySunday.

…g……g…

amgoing

,they______agoodtime,____they?

……don'ing…ing…

aren't

______aboutthefuturenow,______you?

'tthink…don''tthinking…aren''tthin

k…'tthinking…are

ays______somethingwhenevershe______.

d…d…plaiedC..studied…plaiedD.s

tudied…played

n__________meverymuch.,

………worryedD.

staied…worried

26.I______thattheboy_____withnotearsinhiyes.

d…d…d…

ced…cryed

_____thefloorand_____allthewindows.

………clea

…cleaned

_____theChildren'sPalace,thechildren_____with

joy.

d…d…d…jumped

d…jumpped

29.______asportsmeetlastSunday?Yes,they______.

yhave…yhave…y…

y…did

30.____you_____outforawalkaftersupper?Yes,I______.

…went……go……went…didD.

Did…go…did

31._____Jack_____onwithhisworkor______tohavearest?

…went……go……went…st

…go…stopped

ethematalktwodaysago,_____you?Yes,I____

__.

……'t…'t…gave

33.____yourbrother_____aletterto?Myfather.

………

id…write

_____abouttheTVnewstheninthesitting-room.T

heyoften____suchtalks

……lking…ki

ng…h(huán)ave

______somecookingatthattime,so_____me.

……didn'ng…h(huán)eardD.w

asdoing…didn'thear

36."_____youangrythen?""They_toomuchnoi.”

………madeD.

Were…made

meyesterdayJack_____his,_____TV.

ed…didn'airing…watched

ed…airing…wasn'twatching

_____nkeptus___

___.

iting…iting……

…wait

u_____atthedoor,I_____somewashing.

d…cking…d…wasdoi

…amdoing

_____EnglishontheradiowhenI_____hisdoor.

d…rning…

d…ning…open

ey______throughtheforest,abear_____atthem.

…lking…lk

ing……iscoming

man_____herwhileshe_____herwork.

d…ching…finished

d…ching…wasfinishing

other_____somewashing,I______akiteforKac

k.

…ng…ng…wasmaki

…wasmaking

44.I_____mylfFrenchfrom7to9yesterdaymorning.I___

__towork.

ching…didn'…didn'c

hing……went

_____

46.I______ti

ing

cher_____(give)usahistorylessonwhenTomwal

kedintotheclassroom.

ing

illbeafootballmatchintwodays,thatis_______.

nda

y

______.

ing

______inhisgardeneverymorningnextyear.

ing

in______.

coming

_____soon,I'mafraid.

'train

iosaysit______thedayaftertomorrow.

54._____he_____someshoppingtomorrowafternoon?

………do

y_____it______tomorrow?Wednesday.

…………be

_______sixteenyearsoldnextyear.

57._____you____meupatsix,plea?

…………w

ake

______tocollege,he_____alotmore.

……isgoingtolearn

g……willlearn

e_____nexttime,l______hereverything.

gtocome…me…shalltell

……willtell

y____it____tomorrow?It____Tuesday.

…goingtobe……be……goingtobe…isg

…willbe

_____thatshe_____herbesttohelpthemthenextte

rm.

…………w

oulddo

_____thattheSmiths_____foraholidaynextwee

k.

…………wo

uldgo

_____usthathe_____evenstricterwithus

…………wou

ldbe

_____himthatwe_____abletohelphim.

…………wo

uldbe

_____thatthey_____surpridtoeitthisFriday.

………wouldbeD.

knew…willbe

66.I_____toknowifMary_____bytrainthatafternoon.

………wouldgo

…willgo

67._____he_____thatthey_____hometomorrow?

…learn……learn…willgo

…learn……learn…willgo

_____thatthey_____asportsmeettomorrow.

…arned…wouldhave

…arned…willhave

69.____you_____thathe_____hislostsononeday?

…think……thought…wouldfind

…think……thought…wouldfind

70.I_____thatyou_____goodcareofherthatday.

t…t……willt

…wouldtake

itors_____wherethey_____ashorttest.

………wouldtake

…cantake

____surethathe____goodatchemistrysoon.

…,……would

be

____illsoshe____abletogoskatingthenextday.

…won'…wouldn'…won'…

wouldn'tbe

_____thethieftothepolicewhenhe_____themanag

ain.

ake…ake…ke…

ke…meet

____meanewcoatyesterday,I_____

mewell.

e……e…t

…tried

76."He____todrawhorsalready.""When____he?”."La

styear."

d…d…rned…

arned…did

____,he_____highupthere!

…mbed……d…

is

78._____you_____thetextyet?Yes,we_____ittwohoursag

o.

…copy……copied……copied…

…copy…h(huán)ad

79."Whysheangry?""Becauhe_____athejustnow.

…get,…got……get…h(huán)as

…got…h(huán)asshouted

80._____you______thefilmbefore?Where____you_____it?

…en…did……e…die…watch

…en…h(huán)ave……e…h(huán)ave…en

_____mewaitingfortwohours.I_____foryousincef

ive.

…pt……h(huán)avewaitedD.

havekept…h(huán)avewaited

_____John_____?_____therefor

anhour.

…been……gone……g

o……be…went

83._____thebabystill_____?No,it______crying.

…cried……crying…stopped

…cry……crying…h(huán)asstopped

84.I_____theway.I______hereforquitemanyyears.

………

ow…live

85._____youever_____America?Yes,Ihave.

………

ve…beenin

her_______collegeforoverthreeyears.

nfor

_________inthearm

ysincethen.

…ned…ned…

joined…h(huán)asbeen

imeI_____backthey____uptenmetres.

………h(huán)av

e…climbed

____overfivelessonsbyveno'____

atest.

……e…

gone…h(huán)adtaken

_____outbythattimethathe____athiefforalongti

me.

nd…nd……h(huán)adb

…was

thenew_____him,he____toknowaboutit.

s…d…d…gotD.

hadreached…got

92.I_____himacondletterbeforeI_____fromhim.

……tten…h(huán)eard

itten…h(huán)ear

_____inagoodharvestbecauwe______enoughrai

n.

'tget………h(huán)adba

…h(huán)adn'thad

____forfivehourswhenthey____inNewYork.

…wn……h(huán)adarrive

wn…arrived

____thatit____fortwodaysbythatday.

………h(huán)adrained

…rained

_____theresincetheyearbefore,sohe____them.

ked…ked….

d……h(huán)adknown'

_____angrybecauhe_____foralongtime.

………waitedD.

got…h(huán)adwaited

_____.w

ere

ens_____Chinaforfiveyears.

eto

_____urs?.

politetolaughatthepeoplewhoare處

于困境.

32．Thanksfor______________ofmydog.照顧

33．Themanageris__________hiswork.忙于

34．Stampsforpostingletters.用于

35．Whatdoyouthatfilm/movie?認(rèn)為

36．MissLiuChine.教我們的

37．Ididnotleaveuntilhe.回來

38．Wouldyoumindtheradio?調(diào)小

39．Theirtalklastweeklastedfivehours.長(zhǎng)

達(dá)

40．Wemustthenewterm.準(zhǔn)備

41．Afterheleftschool,hebegantoEng

lish.自學(xué)

42．I20yuanthisdictionarylastSunday.

買

43．Thebottleiswater.裝滿

44．Thetoysarewood.用…..做的

45．It’ssaidthatthepowderwasudforfruitsa

ndvegetables.

46．我們希望你戒煙，這對(duì)你的健康有利。

Wehopeyoucangiveup,willbegoodf

oryourhealth.

47．這是他本星期收到的第三封信。

Thisisthethathehasreceivedthisweek.

48．Guilinisoneoftheplacesthattheyha

veevervisited.最美麗

49．Areyou_________________dogs?害怕

50．Myparentsdidn’t___________________meyesterday.

同意

51．He________swim__________.根本不會(huì)

52．WearrivedinGuangzhou________________lastSatu

rday.同時(shí)

53．Plea________histhings__________.收好

54．Youshouldndhimtothehospital

.立刻

55．_________Tim_________Jimaredoctors.都是

56．UncleWangare__________________machines.忙

于制造

57．Theyoftenhelp____________________.互相

__________________alltheorangesyesterday.吃

光

___________________theChineexamlasttime.

考得好

_________________________inGuangzhou?

玩得高興

e_________________ourproblems?處理

is______________________apples.裝滿

63.I________lotsof_________intheexamyeste

rday.犯錯(cuò)

s________________withothers.交朋友

__________me___________tomorrowmorning.叫

醒

s________me___________lastweek.打電話

sariver_________________hishou.前面

____________________hisidea.考慮

69.他一到那兒就會(huì)打電話給我。

Hewillgivemea_________assoonashe_________there.

therhelpsme___________________.一直