英語翻譯技能第11節 重復法

第十一節 重復法

重復法實際上也是一種增詞法，只不過所增加的詞是上文剛剛出現過的詞。翻

譯和寫作一樣，本應力求簡練，盡量省略一些可有可無的詞；但有時為了明確、

強調或生動，也需要將一些關鍵性的詞加以重復。

一．為了明確

（一）重復名詞

1.重復英語中作賓語的名詞

1）The next item on the agenda is to revi safety and sanitary regulations.

2）I had experienced oxygen and/ or engine trouble.

3）They began to study and analyze the situation of the enemy.

4）I had lived in China many years and saw China in civil war in 1925-27, and

1)議程的下一項目是修訂安全規則和衛生規則。

2)我曾碰到過，不是氧氣設備出故障，就是引擎出故障，或兩者都出故障。

3)他們開始研究敵情，分析敵情。

4)我曾在中國生活多年。我看到了1925年至1927年正在內戰的中國，后來

2.重復英語中作表語的名詞

1）He became an oil millionaire---- all by himlf.

2）This has been our position--- but not theirs.

3）Carol is your friend as much as she is mine.

4）In the Soviet Union there had been no radio, TV, or press mention of either

later in war with Japan.

又看到了同日本作戰的中國。

Abel’s arrest or conviction.

1)他成為一個石油大王----- 一個白手起家的石油大王。

2)這一直是我們的立場----- 而不是他們的立場。

3)卡羅既是你的朋友，也是我的朋友。

4)對于艾貝爾的被俘或判刑，蘇聯既沒有電臺廣播，也沒有上電視節目，在

報刊上也沒有發表。

作業：

1.We should learn how to analyze and solve problems.

2.It is our duty to rebuild and defend our homeland.

3.A good film rves to educate and inspire the people.

4.It was he who first repudiated and breached the understanding.

5.They would be very reluctant to postpone or cancel the meeting.

3.重復英語介詞短語前所省略的名詞

1)The doctor will get more practice out of me than out of venteen ordinary

patients.

2)The story of Jurgis is a story of groans and tears, of poor black people destroyed

by white colonialists.

3)We e, therefore, how the modern bourgeoisie is itlf the product of a long

cour of development, of a ries of revolutions in the modes of production and

of exchange.

1)醫生從我身上得到的實踐，會比從十七個普通病人身上得到的實踐還多。

2)尤吉斯的故事是一篇充滿呻吟和淚水的故事，是白人殖民主義者摧殘不幸

（二）重復動詞

1.英語句子常用一個動詞連接幾個賓語或表語，在譯文中往往要重復這個動詞。

1）Is he a friend or an enemy?

2）The blow hurt not only his hands but his shoulder too.

3）For a good ten minutes, Mother curd me and my brother.

4）Chairman Mao is an activist, a prime mover, an originator and master of

5）They covered the 19 century foreign intervention in China, the Red Army’s

strategy achieved by alternating surpri, tension and eament. (Edgar Snow)

th

4.重復英語中作先行詞的名詞

1)May I extend my heartiest congratulations to the great Chine people and its

Communist Party, through you, for the glowing success of constructing your

country, which is now inspiring the world.

2)They have staged demonstrations and sit-ins and distributed petitions which

inevitably find their way to foreign correspondents posted in New York.

3)The little apprentice in particular lived in terror of the boss, who had borne down

on him so often and so hard that there was little left.

4)The President announced, with obvious relish, that his plane took off from

“Shangri-la”, a fairyland in the Himalayas.

5)All of the arrangements were a prelude to the ball, the hostess’ ultimate purpo.

6)Water can be decompod by energy, a current of electricity.

1）讓我，通過您，表達我對偉大的中國人民和中國共產黨的最衷心祝賀！

祝賀你們建設國家的輝煌勝利，這個勝利正在鼓舞著全世界。

2）他們舉行了游行示威和靜坐，散發了請愿書，而這些請愿書必定會傳到

駐紐約的外國記者手中。

3）小學徒對老板尤其怕得要死，老板經常整他，而且整得很重，簡直把他

整慘了。

4）這位總統洋洋得意地宣稱，他的飛機是從“香格里拉”起飛的，而“香格里

拉”是喜馬拉雅山中的一個仙境。

5）所有這些安排都只是這次舞會的序曲，舞會才是女主人的最終目的。

6）水可由能量來分解，所謂能量也就是電流。

的黑人的故事。

3)由此可見，現代資產階級本身是一個長期發展過程的產物，是生產方式和

交換方式的一系列變革的產物。

作業：

1.We caught a glimp of the leading hors and of a horman vanishing through

the rain.

2.The prisoners often got into argument with each other or with the guards.

3.Ignorance is the mother of fear as well as of admiration.

4.The u of poison gas is a clear violation of international law--- in particular of the

Geneva Convention.

5.He broke all connections with his past, and with the old society in every way.

1)他是個朋友呢，還是個仇人？

2)這一擊不僅震痛了他的手，也震痛了他的肩膀。

3)足足有十分鐘之久，媽媽既罵我，又罵我的兄弟。

4)毛主席是一位活動家，是原動力，是創始者，是交替運用出其不意、緊張

5)他們談到十九世紀外國對中國的干涉，談到紅軍在三十年代中期的長征，

2.英語句子中動詞后有介詞時，第二次第三次往往只用介詞而省略動詞，在譯

1）Approaching graduation, my roommates and I talked of ourlves, of our

2）One night, he had a nice sleep, no longer dreamed of storms, nor of great

3）He supplied his novels not only with biographies of characters, but with their

4）But his wife kept dinning in his ears about his idleness, his carelessness, and

5）They wanted to determine if he complied with the terms of his employment

Long March in the mid-1930s, the French and American revolutions.

和松弛而取得成就的戰略大師。

還談到法國革命和美國革命。

文中則要重復動詞。

prospects, of the journey, of the weather, of books----of everything.

occurrences, nor of great sharks, nor fight.

portraits.

the ruin he was bringing on his family.

and his obligations as an American.

1)臨近畢業，我和室友們談到自己，談到前途，談到旅程，談到天氣，談到書

籍，-----談到一切。

2)一夜，他睡得很香，不再夢見風暴，不再夢見驚人的遭遇，也不再夢見大鯊

魚和搏斗。

3)他不僅在他的小說中提供人物傳記，而且還提供人物畫像。

4)可是他老婆不斷地在他耳朵邊嘮叨個沒完，說他懶惰，說他粗心，并且說一

家人都要毀在他身上。

5)他們想要確定， 他是否履行了受雇條件，是否履行了作為美國公民所應盡

的職責。

作業：

1.Doing math exercis requires care and, for difficult problems, great experience.

2.They were starting from scratch and needed men, guns, training.

3.The minister spoke of the ri of charity and popular education, and particularly

of the spread of work.

4.Just as grammar deals with the structure of language, English grammar deals

with the structure of English, French grammar with the structure of French, etc.

5.They had prepared for this campaign as carefully as they had for larger ones.

6. He wanted to nd them more aid, more weapons and a few more men.

（三）重復代詞

1.英語中用代詞的地方，翻譯時可按漢語習慣重復其所代替的名詞。

1）Jes opened his eyes. They were filled with tears.

2）In China, they “made mistakes”, suffered by them, acknowledged and studied

them, thus planned victory.

3）He accepted failure; he had conquered it all his life, and rin above it.

4）His change was that of a key man in the key post---something that symbolized

1)杰西睜開眼睛，眼里充滿了淚水。

2)在中國，他們“犯過錯誤”，吃過錯誤的虧，承認錯誤，研究錯誤，從而制定

3)他接受失敗，他一生中曾戰勝失敗，超越失敗。

4)他的轉變是一個把守重要關口的關鍵人物的轉變，他的轉變象征著其他參

2.英語中用物主代詞its,his,their時，翻譯時可以用名詞，以達到明確具體的

1）Happy families also had their own troubles.

2）Big powers have their strategies while small countries also have their own

3）Each country has its own customs.

1)幸福的家庭也有幸福家庭的苦惱。

2)強國有強國的策略，小國也有小國的路線。

3)各國有各國的風俗。

3英語中強勢關系代詞或副詞whoever,whenever,wherever等，翻譯時往往用重

復法。

1)Whoever violates the traffic regulations should be punished.

2)Wherever vere oppression existed, there would be revolution.

3)Come to my office and have a talk with me whenever you are free.

4)You may borrow whichever novel in my bookca you like best.

1)誰違反了交通規則，誰就應該受到懲罰。

2)哪里有殘酷的壓迫，哪里就有革命。

3)你什么時候有空，就什么時候到我辦公室來談一談。

4)我書架上的小說你最喜愛哪一本，你就可以借哪一本。

作業：

1.Ignoring a problem does not solve it.

2.Smith emed ill at ea with power, while Ball sought it.

3.But there are clues, and they em to confirm my earlier suspicion.

4.Big families had their own difficulties.

5.Each person had his own business to handle.

6.Whoever works hard will be respected.

其它：

1.To him, the birds sang, the squirrel chattered and the flowers bloomed.

2.He was proficient both as a flyer and as a navigator.

1)鳥兒向他歌唱，松鼠對他嘰咕，花兒也為他開放。

2)他既精于飛行，又善于導航。

二、為了強調

為了強調，英語句子中往往重復關鍵詞，翻譯時也可重復。

（一）用同樣的漢語詞重復

lines.

the gradual transformation of the other participants.

了勝利的方針。

與者也在逐漸轉變。

目的。

（二）用漢語的同義詞、近義詞重復

（一）用同樣的漢語詞重復

1）Eye for eye, tooth for tooth.

2）Out of sight, out of mind.

3）Blood must atone for blood.

4）He wandered about in the chill rain, thinking and thinking, brooding and

5）Gentlemen may cry peace, peace--- but there is no peace.

6）Obvious among the most obvious books upon the most obvious shelf were

7）They had to stand out of the hospital, watching me go in, come out, come out,

brooding.

ries of splendidly bound volumes entitled “Luxun’s Works.”

(二)用漢語的同義詞、近義詞重復

1. They often read and re-read the cret notes.

2. I know you hate me and I hate you, we had better part right now.

3. Every change of ason, every change of weather, every hour of the day produces

some change in the magical hues and shape of the mountains; and they are regarded

by all good wives, far and near, as perfect barometers.

1.他們常常一遍又一遍地反復琢磨這些密信。

2.我知道你恨我，我也嫌你，咱們最好馬上就分手吧。

3. 季節的每一更迭，氣候的每一轉變，乃至一天中的每一小時，都給這些山巒

的奇幻色彩和形態帶來變化，遠近的主婦們都把這些改變看作是準確的晴雨表。

go in.

8)He demanded total loyalty, not loyalty in the traditional n, not ordinary

loyalty, but total loyalty, not just to office or party, or concept, but loyalty

first and foremost to Lyndon Johnson.

1)以眼還眼，以牙還牙。

2)眼不見，心不煩。

3)血債要用血來還。

4)他在凄雨中蕩來蕩去，想了又想，盤算了又盤算。

5)先生們可以高喊和平，和平！但是依然沒有和平。

6)在那個最顯眼的書架上最顯眼的書籍中顯眼的幾卷就是精裝的名叫《魯迅

全集》的一套書。

7)他們站在醫院外面，看我進去出來，出來進去。

8)他要求的是絕對忠誠， 不是傳統意義的忠誠，也不是一般的忠誠，而是絕

對的忠誠，不只是對職務、政黨或觀念的忠誠，而是首先對林登?約翰遜的

忠誠。

作業：

1. It is impossible to live in society and be independent of society.

2. This town is a small town, looking much like other towns of its size, but few towns

enjoy so many natural advantages.

3. If once morality is lost, all is lost.

4. Year after year and century after century the moon goes through its cycles.

作業：

1. Easy come, easy go.

2. No pains, no gains.

3. During their stay in Beijing, they visited some old friends of theirs, visited Beijing

University and visited the Great Wall.

4. Before marriage she loved giving orders to her boyfriend, but after marriage, he

loved giving orders to her.

5. He ate up everything at home.

might very well be preparing an attack against the country, hence they are

building up not only sizeable troops, but a lot of missiles, planes, and tanks along the

border of the country.

三．為了生動

（一）運用兩個四字詞組，使文字生動活潑，有節奏感

1. But there had been too much publicity about my ca.

2. The streets were overrun by Hitler’s bullies.

3. They established target priorities at that meeting..

1. 但我的事現在已經搞得滿城風雨，人人皆知了。

2. 那時希特勒的暴徒在街上橫行霸道，無惡不作。

3. 他們在那個會議上決定了目標的輕重緩急，孰先孰后。

作業：

1. He showed himlf calm in any emergency situation.

2. The questions were evidently unexpected to the slow-witted spokesman, who

instantly found himlf tongue-tied.

my last hope frustrated, I slipped into a deep depression.

（二）運用詞的重迭

1. I had been completely honest in my replies, withholding nothing.

2. His children, too, were as ragged and wild as if they belonged to nobody.

3. Only a very slight and very scattering ripples of half-hearted hand-clapping greeted

him.

4. With his tardiness, carelessness and appalling good humor, we were sore perplexed.

1.我的回答完全是坦坦蕩蕩，直言無隱。

2. 他的孩子們，也是穿得破破爛爛，粗野不堪，就象沒有父母似的。

3.歡迎他的只有幾下輕輕的、零零落落、冷冷談談的掌聲。

4.他老是磨磨蹭蹭、馬馬虎虎，脾氣又好得驚人，我們都對他毫無辦法。

作業：

1. The toasts were flat.

2. I wasn’t evasive in my reply.

3. A slanting sunlight dappled the grass.

4. The farm buildings and the wheel-hou were all dim and bluish.

（三）運用四字對偶詞組

Great contributions 豐功偉績

Gratitude 感恩戴德

Ingratitude 忘恩負義

Prosperity 繁榮昌盛

1.The trial, in his opinion, was absolutely fair.

2.She is an awful fool of a woman.

3.She told her friend of her fancy.

4.At that time, she was the only female scientist there.

作業：

Eternal glory to 永垂不朽

Vivid 生動活潑

Hesitate 彷徨猶豫

Arrogance 驕傲自大

Grotesque 奇形怪狀

Careless 粗心大意

In chaos 亂七八糟

Street gossip 街談巷議

Rumours 流言蜚語

1.I was admittedly shy.

2.It was a bright September afternoon, and the streets of New York were

brilliant with moving men.

3.Whatever initial worries we had about the plane soon vanished.

4.If this was a time of triumph for the many, it was a painful period for the

few.

5.He sat there and watched them, so changelessly changing, so bright and

dark, so grave and gay.

1.我是以靦腆膽怯著稱的。

2.這是九月的一個晴朗的下午，紐約的大街上，人來人往，五光十色。

3.不管開始時我們對這架飛機有什么不放心，這種顧慮不久就煙消云

散了。

4.多數人興高采烈之日，卻是少數人傷心失意之時。

5.他坐在那兒注視著，覺得眼前的景象，既是始終如一，又是變化多

端，既是光彩奪目，又是朦朧黑暗，既是莊嚴肅穆，又是輕松愉快。