2023年12月9日發(作者:昆明教師培訓網)

反身代詞用法小結
反身代詞又稱自身代詞。其構成可以歸納為“一、二物主、三賓格”,即:第一、二人稱的反身代詞分別由其相應的形容詞性物主代詞加后綴“-lf / -lves”構成,第三人稱的反身代詞則由其相應的人稱代詞賓格形式加后綴“-lf / lves ”構成。
一、用作賓語,表示動作返回到其主語本身。
此時,要求使用與其主語在人稱及數等方面保持一致的反身代詞,有“自己、本人”的意思。例如:
1. She taught herlf English at that time. / She learnt English by herlf.
2. Help yourlf to some fish, plea!(招待客人時的客套語)
3. I have to learn to u it all by mylf. (介詞賓語)
二、用作同位語,表強調。
與被說明的詞在人稱及數上保持一致,常置于被說明的詞之后;如果是主語的同位語則也可以放在句末。例如:
1. He didn't often go to look for food himlf.
He himlf didn't often go to look for food.
2. Plea write down some of the numbers yourlf!
3. Do you e the teacher himlf? (賓語同位語)
三、有時,反身代詞也可以用作主語或表語。例如:
1. I am not mylf today. (表語)
2. Both my father and mylf went to e the film. (主語)
四、一般不用作定語。
如需表達“自己的……”時,可以使用“(of) one's own”結構。例如:
1. This is a room of my own.
This big room is my own.
This is my own room.
2. I have (got) my own car this year.
五、其他用法。
反身代詞常可以與“enjoy,help,hurt,teach,wash,learn,leave,look after”等詞(組)連用。“(all) by onelf”是最常用的詞組,相當于“alone,without one's help”,譯作“單獨的、獨自的”,“for onelf”譯作“親自、親身”。例如:
1. enjoy onelf 相當于 have a good time “玩得高興”; help onelf to ...(招待用語)“隨便吃……”;teach onelf / learn by onelf“自學……”。 2. My brother is too young to look after himlf.
3. We can't leave our child by herlf at home.
4. The little boy can wash himlf now.
5. They like to do everything (all) by themlves.
6. You'd better make the decision for yourlf.
作者地址:江蘇省邳州市第五中學
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