what is the Enlightenment Movement

2024年3月25日發(作者：游長城)

Daniel Defoe:Robinson Crusoe

Captain Singleton

Moll Flanders

Journal of the Plague Year

Gulliver's Travels

Pamela

Clarissa Harlowe

Jonathan Swift

Samuel Richardson

Henry Fielding

Tobias Smollett

Laurence Sterne

Robert Burns

Oliver Goldsmith

Richard B. Sheridan

The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling

The History of the Life of the Late Mr. Jonathan Wild the Great

Roderick Random

A Sentimental Journey

Select Collection of Original Scottish Airs

The Vicar of Wakefield

The School for Scandal

The Rivals

St. Patrick's Day

The Critic

Pizarro

Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard

An Essay on Criticism

The Rape of the Lock

The Dunciad

An Essay on Man

Apart from tho, he also translated Homer's Iliad and Odysy,

and edited some of Shakespeare's plays.

Thomas Gray

Pope

14. What is Sentimentalism?

By the middle of the century, ntimentalism came into being as the result of a bitter

discontent with social reality among the enlightened people. The ntimentalists continued to

struggle against feudalism. But they nd at the same time the contradictions in the process of

capitalist development. Dissatisfied with reason, they appealed to ntiment.

Sentimentalism turned to the countryside for its material, and so is in striking contrast to

classicism. The appearance and development of ntimental poetry marks the midway in the

is the Enlightenment Movement?

The Enlightenment Movement was a progressive Movement, which flourished in France and

swept the whole Western Europe at the time. It was a furtherance of the Renaissance from the

14th to the 17th century. Its purpo was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern

philosophical and artistic ideas. The eighteenth century marked the beginning of an intellectual

movement in Europe known as the Enlightenment Movement.

.

10. Who are the main writers during the neoclassical period?

The reprentatives of the Enlightenment in English literature were:

transition from classicism to its opposite, romanticism in English poetry.

38. How to understand the art of satire in The School for Scandal?

Sheridan's famous comedy The School for Scandal is considered his masterpiece. In the play,

the author contrasts two brothers-Joph Surface and Charles Surface. Joph is a hypocrite,

always declaring noble feelings and uttering moral speeches, while Charles is a reckless prodigal

and a gambler, but he is frank, honest and good-natured. What's more, many names in it are

very meaningful. As soon as one reads the name, he will e the people. For example, the person

who is good at sneering at others are called Sneerwell; the person who likes talking is named

Tattle; the cunning one is Snake, etc. The names vividly describe the main features of the

corresponding person, and help the reader to understand the theme of Sheridan's work. This

play reprents a brilliant portrayal of England's high society and a biting satire on the morals

and manners of the aristocratic-bourgeois society in the 18th century.

3. What is the feature of the Romantic literary works?

The Romantics were strongly against the modes of thinking in the 18th century which saw

man as a social animal. They emphasized the special qualities of each individual. So Romanticism

actually constitutes a change of direction from attention to the outer world of social civilization

to the inner world of the human spirit. They place the individual at the center of art and make

literature most valuable as an expression of his or her unique feelings and particular attitudes,

and value its accuracy in portraying the individual's experiences.

5. What's the difference between Blake's Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience? Is there

any significance?

The Songs of Innocence is a lively volume of poems which reprent a happy and innocent

world although there are evil and suffering existing. While the Songs of Experience paints quite a

different world, a world full of miry, poverty, war, and repression. Take "The Chimney

Sweeper" for example: in Songs of innocence, although the wretched child is orphaned,

exploited, when he dreamed that he had been relead out of the black coffin, he couldn't

help running, leaping and laughing. Although he had to get up early in the dark and cold winter

morning, he felt "happy and warm" becau he is told that if he'd be a good boy, he'd have God

for his father and never want joy. As a whole, the poem is active, optimistic and passionate.

While the little chimney sweeper in Songs of Experience is depresd. He was wrapped in the

clothes of death and sang

"notes of woe" in a snowy day while his parents went to prai "God & his Priest & King" which is

the very instruments of their repression and "who make up a heaven of our miry. Quite

different from the Songs of Innocence, the poems in Songs of Experience are gray, gloomy and

pessimistic.

20. What are the major works of Shelley?

Romantic poet Shelley's distinguished lyrics are：Ode to the West Wind, To a

Skylark, and The Cloud. And the immortal four-act poetic drama Prometheus Unbound

23. What are Keats' reprentative works?