bureaucrats(bureaucrats翻譯)

官官相護四字成語

【成語釋義】官吏相互包庇。

【成語出處】清 曹雪芹《紅樓夢》第99回：“如今就是鬧破了，也是官官相護的，不過認個承審不實，革職處分罷咧。”

【感情色彩】貶義

【成語結(jié)構(gòu)】主謂式成語

【成語用法】主謂式；作主語、分句；含貶義

【產(chǎn)生年代】古代成語

【近義詞】黨同伐異狼狽為奸

【近義詞】剛正不阿賞罰分明

成語例句

你想，撫臺一定發(fā)回原官審問，縱然派個委員前來會審，官官相護，他又拿著人家的.失單衣服來頂我們。（清 劉鶚《老殘游記》第五回）

相關(guān)成語

善善惡惡 碌碌無能 袞袞諸公 唯唯連聲 惴惴不安 目目相覷 熙熙融融 顛顛倒倒 蠢蠢欲動

英語釋義

Officials [Bureaucrats] shield one another.；

All bureaucrats shield each other.；

Bureaucrats stick up for one another.；

Bureaucrats shield one another in wrongdoings.

網(wǎng)絡英語釋義

1. officialsshieldoneanother

2. ggxh

3. Bureaucrats shield one another

4. clientelism

雙語例句

1. In the old society, officials stuck together against the mass.

在舊社會,官官相護,欺壓百姓.

來自《辭典例句》

2. Officials shield one another.

官官相護.

3. The way that officials stick up for and protect one another has got to stop.

這種官官相護的情況必須制止.

英語“普通”的解釋

1) common “普通的”，“平常的”，“共有的”，指從質(zhì)量或品德上無特殊，顯眼或杰出之處，因而是大多數(shù)人或事物所具有的，常見的。
It’s an error quite common among schools.
This flower is common in spring.
2) ordinary 指符合一般或常規(guī)事物標準或相同的規(guī)格，因而只具有普通的特性。例如：
Although he is rich, he is always in ordinary dress.
common與ordinary基本同義，強調(diào)“平凡的，普通的”，表示隨時可以碰到，不值得驚奇。如：
an ordinary ( a common) event 常有的事情
an ordinary (a common0 person 一個普通的人
3) normal 表示“正常的，常態(tài)的，正規(guī)的”，相對于非正常而言。例如：
Do you know the normal temperature of the human body.
His growth is normal for that age.
4) usual 通常與人的行為習慣有關(guān)，含義為“慣常的，通例的”。例如：
Tea is considered to be the usual drink of British people.
He arrived later than usual.
Common 用于是通常的、常發(fā)生的、廣泛使用或眾所周知的：
a common problem;
共同的問題；
a common thief;
普通的小偷；
the common dandelion. The term also suggests lack of distinction and can imply coarness or crudeness:
普通的蒲公英。 此詞條也暗示缺乏區(qū)別并能意指粗劣或未加工：
drank wine of the commonest sort;
最為普遍的飲用葡萄酒；
had a very common look about him.
他有著很普通的外表。
Ordinary
describes what is of the usual kind and is not distinguished in any way
from others. In the latter n it is sometimes derogatory:
Ordinary 指種類普通且不能從其他中加以區(qū)別的。在后一意義上，它有時是貶義的：
A ballpoint pen is adequate for most ordinary purpos.
原珠筆適合最普通的用途。
The violinist gave a very ordinary performance marked by an occasional memory lap.
小提琴手因偶然記憶失誤表現(xiàn)很平常。
Normal stress adherence to an established standard, model, or pattern:
Normal 強調(diào)符合已建立的標準、模型或方式：
normal body temperature;
正常體溫；
normal curiosity.
正常的好奇心。

堪培拉簡介

堪培拉是澳大利亞的首都，一個年輕的城市。總面積2395平方公里，50%以上的面積為國家公園或保留地，在首都直轄區(qū)東北部。東北距悉尼240公里，西南距墨爾本500公里，人口30萬。城市位于澳大利亞山脈區(qū)的開闊谷地上。海拔760米。莫朗格洛河橫貫市區(qū)，西流入馬蘭比吉河。原為牧羊地，1913年按規(guī)劃始建，1927年聯(lián)邦政府從墨爾本遷此。全國政治中心。銀行、飯店和公共服務業(yè)為主要經(jīng)濟部門。有鐵路連接各大城市。有國立堪培拉大學和國立圖書館。市區(qū)西南有宇宙航行跟蹤站。旅游業(yè)甚盛。氣候溫和，四季分明，全年降雨量平均，四季都有陽光普照的日子。堪培拉的城市設計十分新穎，環(huán)形及放射狀道路將行政、商業(yè)、住宅區(qū)有機地分開。城市中心的格里芬湖噴泉，即為紀念庫克船長上岸200周年而建的“庫克船長紀念噴泉”（CAPTAIN COOK MEMORIAL JET）水柱高達 140 米，極為壯觀。全城樹木蒼翠，鮮花四季，每年九月，堪培拉都舉辦花節(jié)，以數(shù)十萬株花迎接春天的到來，被譽為 " 大洋洲的花園城市 " 。

附圖是堪培拉的地標澳大利亞國會（Canberra Parliament Hou），1988年五月九日英女王伊麗莎白二世親自為它主持揭幕啟用儀式。這個建筑以及周邊建設總耗資11億澳元，是澳大利亞歷史上建造費最昂貴的建筑物。

城市歷史

堪培拉是個年輕的城市，早在100多年前，這里還是澳大利亞阿爾卑斯山麓的一片不毛之地，1820年被人發(fā)現(xiàn)，此后有移民來建牧場，到1840年發(fā)展成一個小鎮(zhèn)。1901年，澳大利亞聯(lián)邦政府成立以后，為定都問題，悉尼和墨爾本兩大城市爭執(zhí)不下，一直爭了八九年，直到1911年，聯(lián)邦政府通過決議，在兩個城市之間，選一個風調(diào)雨順、有山有水的地方建立新首都，于是選了這塊距悉尼238公里，距墨爾本507公里的空地。這就是堪培拉的雛形。

1912年，聯(lián)邦政府主持了一次世界范圍內(nèi)的城市設計比賽，一年之后，國會從送來的137個版本中，選中了美國著名風景設計師、36歲的芝加哥人沃爾特·伯里·格里芬（Walter Burley Griffin）的方案。這位設計師描繪的堪培拉街道圖是他和他的妻子（也是一位建筑師）共同畫在一塊棉布上的，這份珍貴的原作至今仍保留在澳大利亞國家檔案館。建設中間，經(jīng)過了因第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的停頓，共用了14年，于1927年建成，并遷都于此。后來，又為確定新首都的名字商討了好長時間，最終選擇了當?shù)鼐用竦膫鹘y(tǒng)名稱--堪培拉，意思是"匯合之地"，民眾又叫做"聚會的地方"。
Canberra is a picturesque（風景如畫的）20th-century concoction on the banks of Lake Burley Griffin（貝里哥里芬湖）that has struggled to establish itlf as the focus of Australia's national identity. It has often been perceived as a 'fat cat'（有權(quán)有勢的）town of politicians and bureaucrats living off the rest of the country.

english9>However, you'll only have to step outside the Parliamentary Triangle to reali that there's more to Canberra than machinations（密謀）and money. One of only two artificially-conceived cities in the world, Canberra is eerily symmetrical, surprisingly workable and endlessly intriguing.

english9>Autumn in Canberra is quite simply gorgeous. The days are sunny and crisp, the trees are changing and everything looks lovely. Winter is really cold. Spring is much wetter and windier, though the very popular Floriade festival（花卉節(jié)）brightens things up.

english9>Canberra was first ttled by Europeans in 1824, when Joshua Moore bought the first land grant（政府贈予地）in the area, at the foot of Black Mountain. By 1845 a town had grown up in the shadow of the mountain, with the newly built St John's Church and the nearby school at its centre.

english9>The establishing of a national capital and surrounding Australian Capital Territory (ACT) was one of the tenets（原則）of the constitution created when the colonies were federated into Australian states in 1901. The site was lected in 1908 - diplomatically situated between arch rivals（主要競爭對手）Sydney and Melbourne. Canberra was named in 1913, from an Aboriginal term believed to mean 'meeting place', and an international competition to design the city was won by the American architect Walter Burley Griffin. Development of the site was slow and although parliament was first convened in the capital in 1927, it was not until after the World War Two that the dream of a national capital began to reach fruition（實現(xiàn)）.

english9>In 1957 the Menzies（孟席斯，羅伯特·戈登，1894-1978澳大利亞政治家，曾兩度任職總理）Government created the National Capital Development Commission, to establish Canberra as the at of government and generally spruce（打扮、裝飾）the place up a bit. Over the next 20 years it was full steam ahead - bridges were built over a hypothetical lake, then a year later the lake followed; the Mint, the National Library, the Botanic Gardens and the Carillon sprang up; the civic centre was packed full of offices, shops and theatres. Throughout the 60s the public rvice became Canberra's major industry, with departments shifting to the capital from all over the country, bringing with them hordes of happy families in arch of a quarter-acre block to call their own. In line with its reputation as a planned city, Canberra's growth was less than organic - rather than filling in the city centre and letting suburbs sprawl around it, the NCDC oversaw the tting up of 'satellite towns' to the north and south. Woden, to the south, was t up first, then Belconnen to the north. In the 70s they were followed by Tuggeranong, and in the 80s Gunghalin.

english9>Since Federation the ACT had been under the jurisdiction of the Federal Government, with no local government of its own. In a 1978 referendum（公民投票）Canberrans had voted no to lf-government, but despite this in 1988 the Federal Government pasd four bills to make the Territory lf-governing and in 1989 the first Legislative Asmbly was elected.

辛亥革命 甲午戰(zhàn)爭 五四運動 洋務運動 新文化運動 用英文怎么翻譯啊

辛亥革命
the Revolution of 1911[led by Dr Sun Yat-n which overthrew the Qing Dynasty]

甲午戰(zhàn)爭
Sino-Japane War of 1894-1895[lauched by Japane imperialists to annex Korea and invade China]

五四運動
May 4th Movement of 1919[an anti-imperialist, anti-feudal, political and cultural movement launched under the influence of the Russian October Revolution and led by intellectuals having the rudiments of Communist ideology]

洋務運動
Westernization Movement[to introduce techniques of capitalist production, initiated by comprador bureaucrats in the latter half of the 19th century in order to prerve the rule of the Qing government]

新文化運動
New Culture Movement[around the time of the May 4th Movement in 1919]

雅思寫作考試中的倒裝句

雅思寫作高分需要大家能夠用到一些比較復雜的句型，倒裝句就是一個。倒裝句句型在考生的雅思寫作中并不常見，所以大家如果能把倒裝句恰當?shù)膽玫窖潘紝懽髦芯蜁a(chǎn)生一種意想不到的效果。

雅思寫作考試中的倒裝句

1.Halfway across the room, a small pistol in his hand, stood a man.

結(jié)構(gòu)：全句只有1個謂語動詞：stood.本句是完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，按正常語序應該是：A small pistol in his hand, a man stood halfway across the room. 其中，a small pistol in his hand 是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語a man.

翻譯：一名男子站在屋子中間，手里拿著一支手槍。

2.They do not em to like one another very much, neither are they too keen on conventional people.

結(jié)構(gòu)：全句有2個謂語動詞：do和are.本句的后半部分是一個主謂倒裝的單句，按正常語序應該是：They are neither too keen on conventional people. 注意neither指的是“(兩個中的)一個都不”。

翻譯：他們看起來不太喜歡彼此。他們也都不怎么喜歡傳統(tǒng)的人(普通人)。

3.Down came the “white only” notices in bus, hotels, trains, restaurants, sporting events, rest rooms and on park benches that once could be found everywhere throughout the South.

結(jié)構(gòu)：全句有2個謂語動詞：came，could be.其中主句的是：came.按照正常語序 句子 主干應該是：The “white only” notices … came down. Notices后面的介詞 短語 ，作為后置定語修飾notices.介詞短語后面還有一個that引導的定語從句修飾notices.為了避免主語部分過于冗長，因而將主謂倒裝。

翻譯：曾經(jīng)一度在南部的公車上，旅館里，火車上，飯店里，在體育賽事中，在公共衛(wèi)生間里，在公園長椅上到處可見的“白人專用”的牌子已經(jīng)取下。

4.Quite different is the outcome of successful insurrections like tho of July 1830 and February 1848.

結(jié)構(gòu)：全句只有1個謂語動詞：is.本句是一個完全倒裝句，按照正常語序應該是：The outcome of successful insurrections like tho of July 1830 and February 1848, is quite different.介詞短語like tho of…作為后置定語修飾insurrections，其中為了省略而使用tho 代替the insurrections.

翻譯：像1830年7月起義和1848年2月起義這樣的成功起義的結(jié)果是大不相同的。

5.Splendid is the architecture of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its hundred and more skyscrapers.

結(jié)構(gòu)：全句只有1個謂語動詞：is.本句是一個完全倒裝句。按照正常語序應該是：The architecture of Manhattan, the heart of the city, with its hundred and more skyscrapers, is splendid.

翻譯：作為這座城市的中心，曼哈頓的摩天大廈有百余幢之多，其建筑十分壯觀。

6.Especially popular were his Sunday evening dinners, usually followed by musical performances.

結(jié)構(gòu)：全句只有1個謂語動詞：were.本句是一個完全倒裝句，按照正常語序應該是：His Sunday evening dinners, usually followed by musical performances, were especially popular. 過去分詞短語followed by musical performances作為后置定語修飾dinners.

翻譯：他的周日晚餐尤其受歡迎，晚餐結(jié)束后通常還有音樂演出。

7.Only in recent years have women begun to catch up with men in this area.

結(jié)構(gòu)：全句只有1個謂語動詞：begun.本句是一個以only開頭的主謂倒裝句，按照正常語序應該是：Women have begun to catch up with men in this area only in recent years. Only在句中起強調(diào)作用，所強調(diào)的是in recent years.

翻譯：僅僅是近幾年來，婦女才開始在這個領(lǐng)域趕上男子。

8.Wor perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.

結(jié)構(gòu)：全句有2個謂語動詞：was和would be.整句話由兩個簡單句構(gòu)成，其中第一個簡單句是一個完全倒裝句，按照正常語序應該是：The idea of Saturday afternoon cricket was perhaps wor.

翻譯：星期六下午去打板球這主意也許更糟糕;那個時候我的朋友通常都會自在享受悠閑時光。

雅思寫作 范文 ：網(wǎng)絡使我們失去交流能力

Task：More people are using mobile phones and computers to communicate. Therefore, people are losing the ability to communicate with each other face to face. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Sample answer：

Now you are benefiting from the u of mobile phone and the Internet as social interaction media, could you imagine what your daily lives would be without the inventions? Some people claim that individuals are gradually losing face-to-face communication skills. Nevertheless, from personal perspective, online communication cannot make people lo the ability of offline communication.

Apparently, excessive u of the Internet and mobile phones has been undermining our interpersonal relationship offline. Even during a face-to-face conversation, it is no rare thing that everyone is busy looking at his cell phones, neglecting his friends or families across the dinner table. In addition, it has become incredibly easy to contact each other electronically and share information instantly in social community. Gone are the days when people could only communicate via fixed telephone or writing letters which took veral days to reach others. So no one is not crazy about smart phones and computers which boast cutting-edge functions like sharing photos and videos with more friends simultaneously.

In spite of the popularity of technological progress mentioned above, never should we turn a blind eye to the irreplaceablity of face-to-face communication. It is common that many schools impart knowledge to students by teaching in classrooms instead of distance education. The same is true of the cooperation among companies, which needs face to face conversation to acquire trust with each other in advance. Furthermore, although online contact may posss increasing numbers of friends, the permanence of mutual relationships cannot lack face-to-face interactions, which can be confirmed by the example of the clost friends and even loving couples. Besides, solving tricky issues are generally more effective and more convenient by surrounding colleagues or friends then by tho who live and work in remote places and need online communication.

As far as social interaction is concerned, although the cell phone and the Internet have updated the lives of the current generation. People cannot forget how to make offline communication with each other.

(325 words)

雅思寫作范文：人人都能去南極

Task：Nowadays both scientists and tourists can go to remote natural environments such as the South Pole. Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?

Sample answer：

Unknown natural is always brimming with ductive scenery. Plenty of rearchers and travelers make trips to distant natural places, such as the Mount Qomolangma, Antarctica and the North Pole. I am of the opinion that this has more disadvantages than advantages.

Discover of new areas always bring some irreparable destruction. Before the South Pole is in the sight of public, it was once an uncharted territory. Since its discovery, hundreds of explorers and scientists had taken adventures to this wilderness. At the same time, their scientific expedition may leave some geographical environment destruction there. And it is quite troublesome to make up such destruction.

Although travelers extremely enjoy the breathtaking natural landscape, they bring along tremendous risks. One of the most common phenomenon of travelers is producing pollution to local areas. As reported in many cas, holidaymakers have left behind tons of waste in the Antarctica over the last century. They will not only threaten the survival of many creatures, including endangered species such as penguins and als, but also cau irreversible damage to the ecosystem.

In addition, we cannot avoid the fact that untouched environments are scientifically proved to have considerable oil and gas rerves. Currently, the world fuel supply is running out in the next fifty years, and no countries will help themlves from the temptation of the fuel resources. The greed of people will drive them to drain out the resource in the regions, and by then places like the South Pole will be truly derted.

In conclusion, I confirm that travelling to virgin land will bring far more loss than gains.

雅思寫作范文：富國是否該幫助窮國

Task：Rich countries provide financial aid to poor countries but this aid has little effect, therefore rich countries should provide other types of help. To what extent do you agree with this statement?

發(fā)達國家向貧困國家提供財政援助，但這種援助效果甚微，因此富裕國家應該提供其他類型的幫助。你在多大程度上同意這一說法?

思路解析：

管自己的好處：

1. 國家的稅收和資源都是基于國內(nèi)大眾，所以國家必須首先對國內(nèi)問題負責，否則大眾會認為遭到忽略和歧視，他們會推翻政府。

2. 國外問題太多，缺乏監(jiān)管和法律，那些愛心捐款和物資有可能流入國外官僚的腰包，而沒有起到救助國外窮人的初始目的。

3. 我們國內(nèi)社會需要用錢的方面都已經(jīng)太多，錢用自家都不夠，捐助國外只會引起國內(nèi)弱勢群體的憤怒，增加社會犯罪類。

管他人的好處：

1. 很多國外的社會問題都是過去我們國家的某些行動導致的，如戰(zhàn)爭和侵略，所以我們因該對國外的貧窮負責。

2. 很多國外的問題最終會影響到我們的社會，比如說索馬里海盜對于西方海運的威脅。

3. 很多國際問題是不分國界的，比如說國外的環(huán)境污染和疾病會通過自然 渠道 流入我們國內(nèi)。

參考范文：

What kind of relief from rich countries should be given priority in terms of supporting developing countries? Some people think the best answer of this issue is simply money. Others, however, hold an oppod view that other practical aids, instead of finance, are a sound decision. Personally, I am in favor of the latter view, and I will explore possible reasons as below.

Firstly, the common root problem of developing countries is the collapd administration and economy systems, and their recovery riously depends on the transfusing of external capital. Firstly, financial aids allow a poor country to build up an effective government by paying salaries of governmental personnel without delay. With stable income, most officials would be satisfied and motivated to be fully in charge of social technical, executive and supervisory positions like courts of law, police stations, water and power supply departments and so forth, thus lifting the community out of street violence, crimes and living chaos. Besides, financial injection helps to restore the banking system, which means the availability of commercial loan with low interest for a large amount of companies eagerly needing money for material purcha, hiring workers and products manufacturing. Accordingly, what the capital input brings include vibrant industry and business, ever-increasing job opportunities and tax revenue for public welfare--in short, a booming social development on a right track.

Another reason for supporting financial aids is that money is always a favored kind of donation, becau it gives recipients in poor countries a high flexibility to buy what they are really lack of. In fact, practical needs are always variable and unpredictable in different countries, people and times ,so that it is very likely that the common physical goods endowed from rich countries may not precily suit demands of local regions. For example, as for Vietnam which suffers from wars for decades, surprisingly, any type of food aid from foreign countries is undesirable , for the reason that the yield of grain produced in this poor country can not only fully feed its people, but also be more than enough for food export. In contrast, if Vietnam were offered money directly, it will buy whatever it needs most from international markets, probably from public transportation to vaccines to school facilities. Therefore, straight money support is indispensable, its universal effectiveness is always superior over any other goods-bad donation.

However, financial aids do not come without risks, and one of them is about their misu. Obviously, in too many developing countries lacking democracy, public supervision, or accountability and transparency in government operation, there is a high possibility that the money might be appropriated for personal sake or even flow into the pocket of bureaucrats--corruption in short, expectedly. In addition, the most worrying aspect is that in poor countries in civil war, money will be misspent by warlords buying new weapons and bombs, instead of foodstuffs or medicines. Conquently, In cas above, the final application of financial support would depart from its initial charitable purpo, and it will make social poverty wor, not better.

Moreover, when it comes to healthy and sustainable growth, there are more to require for a poor country than just buying stuffs by money. Specifically, the acquirement of core factors that have lasting and fundamental impacts on the society, such as qualified teachers, doctors, lawyers and scientists, cannot be achieved by buying, but rather by systematic training and teaching. In other words, non-financial aids from developed countries are also necessary. For example, professional teams containing experts in all kinds of fields from science to medication, from law to social work, should be nt in poor countries for the purpo of educating their future talents. What is more, obrvers from rich countries should also join the running of local government, which ensures that all kinds of benefaction can be allocated to the public fairly.

In conclusion, financial aids are always needed as the first step for economy revival. To a larger extent, however, money is very limited and even risky, and other practical helps, especially the ones associated with human resources, should be introduced into poor countries.

(681 words)

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神筆馬良的英文資料

"Shenbi Ma Liang" is a world-renowned classic literary work and a treasure of Chine children's literature. "Shenbi Ma Liang" was written by Hong Hongxuntao, a famous Chine children's literature writer and theorist, in the 1950s.

In 1980, he won the first prize of the cond National Children's Literary and Artistic Creation Award, and was translated into the languages of various countries.

《神筆馬良》是享譽世界的經(jīng)典文學名著，是中國兒童文學的瑰寶。《神筆馬良》由我國著名兒童文學作家、理論家洪汛濤于20世紀50年代創(chuàng)作。1980年獲第二次全國少年兒童文藝創(chuàng)作評獎一等獎，被譯成各國文字。

擴展資料

作品獲獎情況：

由洪汛濤編劇的電影《神筆》（上海電影制片廠出品）是第一部在國際上獲獎的中國美術(shù)片，更是百年中國在國際上獲獎最多的一部影片。該片國內(nèi)獲文化部1949年至1955年影片編劇一等金質(zhì)獎章。國際獲意大利第八屆威尼斯國際兒童電影節(jié)八至十二歲兒童文藝影片一等獎。

南斯拉夫第一屆貝爾格萊德國際兒童電影節(jié)優(yōu)秀兒童電影獎、敘利亞第三屆大馬士革國際博覽會電影節(jié)短片銀質(zhì)一等獎章、波蘭第三屆華沙國際兒童片電影節(jié)特別優(yōu)秀獎、第二屆加拿大斯特拉福紀念莎士比亞國際電影節(jié)獎狀等。