【英語】高考英語語法填空真題匯編(含答案)及解析
一、語法填空
1．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The Forbidden City in Beijing, home to the Palace Muum, hous more than 1.8 million cultural relics and is one of the world's most visited tourist attractions.
________ (mark) the 600th anniversary of the Forbidden City, the Palace Muum will hold a ries of events throughout 2020. Over 20 exhibitions will be held, ________ (cover) different areas such as history, art, festivals, and so on. For the special occasion, Along the River during the Qingming Festival, one of China's most ________ (wide) known masterpieces, will go on display in September 2020. For ________ (it) best prervation, this treasured artwork is ldom fully exhibited. The painting ________ (display) for the first time back in 2005 to celebrate the muum's 80th anniversary. Such ________ rare sight is expected to draw huge crowds. In addition, the muum will also display exhibits from other ________ (country).
During the past few years, the Palace Muum has been working hard to get the public familiar ________ the history and culture of the Forbidden City. And it ems that the efforts have been paying off, with its ________ (popular) reaching a new height. Over 17 million people visited the muum in 2018, of ________ 40 percent were under 30 years old.
【答案】 To mark；covering；widely；its；was displayed；a；countries；with；popularity；whom
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了北京故宮博物院所在地，擁有180多萬件文物，是世界上游客最多的旅游景點(diǎn)之一。
（1）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了紀(jì)念故宮建城600周年，故宮博物院將在2020年舉辦一系列活動(dòng)。本句已經(jīng)存在謂語動(dòng)詞且句中沒有連詞，故mark只能做非謂語，表目的用不定式，故填To mark。
（2）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：將舉辦20多個(gè)展覽，涵蓋歷史、藝術(shù)、節(jié)日等不同領(lǐng)域。
本句中cover做非謂語與邏輯主語20 exhibitions構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，填covering。
（3）考查副詞。known為形容詞，需要副詞修飾，故填widely。
（4）考查代詞。prervation為名詞，需要形容詞修飾，故用形容詞性物主代詞，填its。
（5）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：這幅畫于2005年首次展出，以慶祝該博物館成立80周年。本句中display與主語painting構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語2005故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為單數(shù)，故填was displayed。
（6）考查冠詞。sight為名詞，此處表泛指“一個(gè)罕見的景象”應(yīng)用不定冠詞，故填a。
（7）考查名詞。country為可數(shù)名詞，由other修飾，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式，填countries。
（8）考查介詞。be familiar with sth.固定短語，“熟悉某物”后跟介詞with，故填with。
（9）考查名詞。its為形容詞性物主代詞后跟名詞，故填popularity。
（10）考查定語從句。句意：2018年，超過1700萬人參觀了博物館，其中40%的人年齡在30歲以下。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞17 million people，先行詞在從句中做介詞of的賓語，指人，故填whom。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語動(dòng)詞，副詞，代詞，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)，冠詞，名詞，介詞以及定語從句等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。
2．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Scientists say crocodiles have outlived dinosaurs ________some 65 million years. One reason why they are such good ________ (survive) is that they can go for a very long time without eating. And they are expert hunters,________(u) their strong jaws to bite their prey(獵物) and then swallow it whole. When they lo a tooth they grow one right back. A crocodile can go through 8,000 ________(tooth) in one lifetime!
What does the expression "crocodile tears" mean? Simply put, "crocodile tears" are fake sadness. You pretend ________(cry) and feel bad for something when in fact you could not care ________(little). A great word to describe it is insincere. The phra "crocodile tears" comes from an old myth that crocodiles would shed tears while eating their prey. A religious worker wrote that ________ a crocodile found a man by the water, it would kill him if it could. Then the crocodile would cry tears on the man, but then finally swallow ________(he). Another myth suggests ________crocodile is very clever indeed. Crocodiles, the story goes, would cry tears as a fal show of guilt or sadness to trick their prey. The prey would come clor and then become dinner.
Scientists explain that crocodiles DO create tears, but they do not cry. The tears help to clean their eyes. Crying is purely emotional and it ________ (rerve) for us humans.
【答案】 by；survivors；using；teeth；to cry；less；if/when/once；him；the；is rerved
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，解釋了短語“鱷魚的眼淚”的含義，它表示虛假的悲
傷。科學(xué)家解釋說，鱷魚的確會(huì)流淚，但它們不會(huì)哭。眼淚有助于清潔他們的眼睛。哭純粹是感情用事，是人類的天性。
（1）考查介詞。句意：科學(xué)家說，鱷魚比恐龍壽命長(zhǎng)約6500萬年。outlive by固定短語，“比……壽命長(zhǎng)”，故填by。
（2）考查名詞。句意：它們是如此優(yōu)秀的幸存者的一個(gè)原因是它們可以長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不吃東西。根據(jù)上文good為形容詞修飾名詞可知應(yīng)填名詞survivor“幸存者”，且主語they are可知應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填survivors。
（3）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：它們是專業(yè)的捕獵者，用它們強(qiáng)有力的下顎來咬它們的獵物，然后把它整個(gè)吞下去。本句中u做非謂語動(dòng)詞，與邏輯主語they構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填using。
（4）考查名詞。句意：一條鱷魚一生能咬掉8000顆牙!tooth為可數(shù)名詞，由8000修飾應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填teeth。
（5）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：你假裝哭泣，為某事感到難過，而實(shí)際上你根本不在乎。pr
etend to do sth.固定短語“假裝做某事”，故填to cry。
（6）考查形容詞。句意：你假裝哭泣，為某事感到難過，而實(shí)際上你根本不在乎。根據(jù)上文”you could not“可知為“否定詞+形容詞比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)，故填less。
（7）考查連詞。句意：如果/當(dāng)/一旦一條鱷魚在水邊發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)人，它會(huì)殺死他。本句可理解為條件狀語從句，表示“如果”，可填if；也可理解為時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”或“一旦”，可填when或once，故填if/when/once。
（8）考查代詞。句意：然后鱷魚會(huì)對(duì)著他哭，最后把他吞下去。做動(dòng)詞swallow的賓語應(yīng)用人稱代詞的賓格形式，故填him。
