2021年11月北京海淀高三期中英語試題及答案

2023年12月22日發(作者：關于李白的詩句)

2021北京海淀高三（上）期中

英 語

2021.11

本試卷共10頁，共100分。考試時長90分鐘。考生務必將答案答在答題紙上，在試卷上作答無效。考試結束后，將本試卷和答題紙一并交回。

第一部分：知識運用（共兩節， 30分）

第一節完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。Rob made ends meet for his family as a handyman, doing odd jobs around the area. But tho odd jobs quickly dried up

due to a financial crisis. Then he lost his apartment. This ___1___ his family into renting a motel room.

“We have to pay rent every day, and I'm running ___2___ on money,” Rob said. So, the ___3___ handyman took to the

streets with a sign that read: “Handyman, 25 years exp., Need work.” Rob wasn't asking for money or looking for a handout

but rather for an opportunity to earn his ___4___.

Rob stood on the side of the highway holding his sign for a week. The temperatures were scorching （灼熱的）but he

___5___ the hot sun each day in the hopes of finding work. Someone took a photo of him and ___6___ it on social media!

Kyle, the owner of Greenstar Home Remodeling, saw Rob’s photo online. And he decided to offer the handyman a chance to

help him get back on his feet.

Kyle brought Rob on to help with some demolition （拆除的）work. Rob didn’t even ask how much the job paid. He

just showed up. “I ___7___ out as a painter, and then I became a landscaper—roofing— whatever I could make money at,”

the handyman explained.

Rob ___8___ intends to put his all into working for Kyle for as long as Kyle has jobs for him. And after eing Rob’s

dedication and ___9___ , Kyle is willing to do all he can to help the man build a brighter future.

Sometimes all someone needs is to be given a ___10___.

1. A. fooled

2. A. deep

B. forced

B. free

C. frightened

C. hard

D. persuaded

D. short

D. unemployed

D. place

D. enjoyed

D. clicked

D. hung

D. casually

3. A. careless

4. A. fame

B. homeless

B. time

B. escaped

B. checked

B. started

B. hardly

C. unwilling

C. living

C. expected

C. shared

C. dropped

C. possibly

5. A. braved

6. A. leaked

7. A. reached

8. A. fully

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9. A. drive

B. honesty

B. choice

C. creativity

C. challenge

D. interest

D. chance 10. A. lesson

第二節語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。

A

Four years ago, Danielle Crull rescued a stray cat from a forest in Pennsylvania. Now, the cat, Truffles, is changing

hundreds of lives by helping children ___11___ have eye problems feel more relaxed about wearing glass. Truffles, famous

for her charming glass, works alongside “her mom”, an optician (眼科醫生).When kids come in, they are often terrified

o￡ anything ___12___ (come) near their eyes. That’s when Truffles comes to the rescue. “With little ones crying, Truffles

comes out ___13___ I put glass on her. They immediately stop crying and put their own glass on,” Crull said. Truffles is

literally magical with little kids.

B

The Palace of Westminster is the meeting place of the two Hous of the Parliament of the UK. It ___14___ (lie) on the

north bank of the River Thames in the heart of London, clo to the historic Westminster Abbey and the government buildings

of Whitehall and Downing Street. The name may refer to either of the two structures: the Old Palace, a medieval building

complex, most of which ___15___ (destroy) in 1834, and its replacement New Palace that stands today. The palace retains its

original style and status as a royal residence for various ceremonial ___16___ (purpo)

C

Why is it so important to discuss and find solutions___17___ food loss and waste? Fust, at consumer level, almost one-third of the total food ___18___（produce） globally is lost or wasted every year. Second, the impact of such loss is frightening.

Food loss and waste are responsible for about six to eight percent of all greenhou gas emissions. Furthermore, reducing

food loss and waste is not just an environmental concern-it is also a moral imperative （必要）. Food loss and waste have a

significant footprint on___19___（nature） resources. Thus it is critical___20___（achieve）sustainable food systems.

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節，38分）

第一節（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。

A

From snapping photos in video mode to broadcasting your location in the event of an emergency, there are endless

functions your smartphone can perforin.

Backup Your Zapper

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If you spend as many hours looking down the back of the sofa as I do, you’ll be relieved to learn that most smart TV

systems can u your phone as a back-up remote control. Download the Android TV Remote Control or Apple TV Remote

apps for the devices if you have a streaming stick.

Subtitle Your Life

Live Transcribe is a simple and effective Android app, preinstalled on Google’s Pixel 3 phones, which transcribes speech

in almost real time. If you’re hard of hearing, it can help you follow a conversation without need for a hearing aid, or enjoy

unsubtitled live broadcasts, such as radio dramas. Theoretically, it could also produce a reliable written record of a meeting.

However, due to privacy concerns, it has not yet been permitted to save or share transcripts.

Singalong Your Contacts

Connectivity is not always convenient. If you frequently find yourlf rushing from the garden or bathroom to pick up

your mobile, only to discover it’s just another cyborg bothering you about lling insurance—may I suggest you t specific

rings for your clost contacts. On both iOS and Android, you can add personalized rings to your clo friends or most beloved

ones, right from the contacts directory on your phone.

Measure Your Shopping

When you’re out shopping for furniture, it’s a good idea to bring a tape measure with you —but, riously, whoever

remembers to do that?! Apple’s Measure app has saved you a lot of times. It’s super simple to u—just point the camera at

the object you want to measure and it superimpos （疊映）a yellow dot that you tap at each end of the item concerned,

and it provides you with an instant calculation in centimeters.

21. Which one can help people with hearing problems to enjoy radio dramas?

A. Android TV Remote Control.

C. Personalized rings.

B. Live Transcribe.

D. Apple’s Measure.

22. After reading this passage, mobile phone urs may realize they can____.

A. choo to ignore unwanted calls

B. save a written record of a meeting

C. locate their remote control easily

D. get the size of an object by taking a photo

23. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. What Apps We Have to Buy!

B. It’s Time to Get a New Mobile!

C. Don’t Overu Your Mobile Phone!

D. Who Knew My Phone Could Do That!

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B

A 96-year-old woman, believed to be the oldest working nur in the country, has retired from a Tacoma, Washington,

hospital.

Last week, Florence Rigney, better known to her friends as “SeeSee”，retired as a nur at MultiCare Tacoma General

Hospital after over 70 years. Throughout her career—which began as a student nur, Rigney worked consistently, only taking

a “break” from nursing to rai her two children.

Working as a nur has kept Rigney very active. She’s traveled across the country as an operating nur and even logged

up to three miles on her treadmill from walking during her shifts. “I don’t like to sit around—I’ve always got to have something

to do. That’s my nature,” Rigney said in a statement, adding that she always wanted to become a nur, “I love to interact

with patients and give them the help that I can.”

Rigney planned on retiring once at age 65, but after six months, she decided that she needed the job to stay active and

keep her mind sharp. Now as she officially retired, the hospital noted that Rigney planned on spending most of her time

enjoying family and friends. “Even working into her nineties, she has never been one to slow down. Some of her colleagues

joked that they had to sprint to keep up with her,” said Laureen Driscoll, president of the hospitals. “SeeSee’s continued to be

a dedicated nur and an incredible resource to her colleagues and community. It’s humbling to stop and think about the

thousands and thousands of lives she’s cared for. Everyone at MultiCare thanks Rigney for her unmatched dedication and

rvice，and we’re proud to honor her by supporting tomorrow’s future nurs,” she continued.

As She Said goodbye to her beloved job, Rigney offered some advice for other nurs. “Don’t ever think that you know

it all,” she noted in the relea. “I kind of did that when I was in the operating room and you have to always be open. You

never stop learning.”

In her honor, the hospital announced the creation of its SeeSee Rigney Nursing Endowed Scholarship Fund, which will

provide scholarships for MultiCare employees for continued learning and development in nursing.

24. Rigney continued working at age 65 becau she______________.

A. needed to support her family

B. wanted to stay energetic and sharp

C. hoped to show her personal value

D. intended to promote nur training

25. What was Rigney’s suggestion for younger nurs?

A. Remain confident.

B. Care for each other.

D. Stay hungry for knowledge. C. Keep active and patient.

26. According to the passage, Rigney is respected mainly due to her__________.

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A. old age and good health

B. quick mind and great creativity

C. positive attitude and hard work

D. high position and good resource

C

Do you listen to quiet music to help you wind down before sleep? However, this practice could be counter-productive,

according to a new study by Michael K. Scullin and colleagues at Baylor University. The work, published in Psychological

Medicine, found that bedtime music was associated with more sleep disruptions and that instrumental music is even wor

than music with lyrics.

In the first study, 199 online participants living in the US reported on their sleep quality and music listening frequency

and timing, as well as their beliefs about how this affected their sleep. Almost all— 87%— believed that music improves

sleep, or at least does not disrupt it. However, the team found that more overall time spent listening to music was associated

with poorer sleep and daytime sleepiness. Just over three quarters of the participants also reported experiencing frequent

“earworms”—having a song or tune “stuck” and replaying in their minds. A quarter reported experiencing the during the

night at least once per week, and the people were six times as likely to report poor sleep quality. The team’s analysis

suggested that listening specifically to instrumental music near bedtime was linked to more sleep-related earworms and poorer

sleep quality.

The team then ran an experimental study on 48 young adults. After arriving at the sleep lab at 8:, participants

went to a quiet bedroom, where they completed questionnaires that included measures of stress, sleep quality and daytime

sleepiness. They also had electrodes applied, ready for the night-time polysomnography to record their brain wave activity,

as well as heart rate and breathing, and reported on how relaxed, nervous, energetic, sleepy and stresd they felt. At 10:00

p.m., they were given some “downtime”, with quiet music playing. Half were randomid to hear three songs while the other

half heard instrumental-only versions of the same songs.

Participants reported decreas in stress and nervousness and incread relaxation after listening to either t of songs,

and also showed decreas in blood pressure. So—as earlier studies have also suggested—quiet music at bedtime was indeed

relaxing at the time. However, a quarter of the participants woke from sleep with an earworm, and the polysomnography data

showed that instrumental versions of the songs were more likely to induce the awakenings as well as other sleep disruptions,

such as shifts from deeper sleep to lighter sleep. Taken together, the findings reprent “causal evidence for bedtime

instrumental music affecting sleep quality via triggering earworms,” the team writes.

Why instrumental-only songs should have a bigger impact than music with lyrics isn’t clear. The three songs ud in this

study were chon becau they were likely to be familiar. Hearing them without the lyrics might have prompted the

participant’s brains to try to add the words, which might have made earworms more likely. If this is the ca, all instrumental

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music may not have the same effect. However, the data from the first study is consistent with the idea that instrumental music

generally is more of a problem.

27. According to the passage, the participants in both studies ________.

A. were required to listen to light music

B. felt their sleeping problems resolved

C. had their sleeping quality monitored

D. provided feedback on bedtime music

28. What does the underlined word “induce” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A. Lead to.

C. Break in.

B. Impact on.

D. Focus on.

29. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Earworms are mainly caud by music with lyrics.

B. Bedtime music leads to high blood pressure and anxiety.

C. Quiet music improves sleeping quality while loud music harms sleep.

D. Both familiar and unfamiliar instrumental music can cau sleeping problems.

30. The passage is mainly about________.

A. how instrumental music disturbs sleep

B. the possible negative effect of bedtime music

C. how people can improve their sleep quality

D. differences between music with and without lyrics

D

I was at the Gathering for Science in Boston, on 22 April 2017, as were 70,000 other scientists. We were there to stand

up for facts and truth.

Where are the crowds of scientists now? Since then, harms from science denial have only incread: global suffering has

grown owing to inaction on climate change, and some epidemics have rin along with vaccine skepticism.

I’ve been out there talking to the science deniers, and I’ve asked my scientist friends to come with me. “Tho people

just aren’t worth talking to,” they’ll say. “I wouldn’t make a difference anyway.” That’s wrong. Tho people can and do

change their minds, although it requires someone to put in the time to overcome distrust.

To be sure, many experts have launched themlves against misinformation, enduring abu on social media and even

threats to their safety. But when scientists turn down my invitations, it’s not becau of fear. Most often, their excus are

grounded in the “backfire effect”, a questionable 2010 finding that people sometimes embrace misconceptions more strongly

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when faced with corrective information, implying that pushing back against falhoods is counter-productive. Even the

rearchers who results were exaggerated to popularize this idea do not embrace it anymore, and argue that the true challenge

is learning how best to target corrective information.

In fact, evidence is growing that rebuttals can be effective. Science deniers all draw on the same flawed reasoning

techniques: cherry-picking evidence, relying on fake experts, and engaging in illogical reasoning. A landmark 2019 study

showed that critiquing the flawed techniques can contain the spread of misinformation.

So how does “technique rebuttal” work in practice?

Arnaud Gagneur and his colleagues at the University of Sherbrooke conducted more than 1,00020-minute interviews in

which they listened to new parents’ concerns about vaccinations and answered their questions. Tho parents’ children were

9% more likely to receive all the vaccines on the schedule than were tho of uninterviewed parents who babies were

delivered in the same maternity ward. One mother told him: “It’s the first time that I’ve had a discussion like this, and I feel

respected, and I trust you.” It is lf-evident in science communication that you cannot convince a science denier with facts

alone; most science deniers don’t have a lack of information, but a lack of trust.

So what should scientists do? Even non-experts can u technique rebuttal. A geologist can engage a neighbor who is

vaccine hesitant. A protein biologist can coach an aunt or uncle who wants “more evidence” that climate change is real. Instead

of shifting to more comfortable conversations, engage in respectful exchange. If you spend more time asking questions than

offering explanations, people will be more likely to pay attention to the explanations that you do offer.

31. What can we learn from the passage?

A. The Gathering for Science addresd online abu.

B. The silence of scientists worns harm from science denial.

C. Ineffective vaccines speed up the spread of some epidemics.

D. The author’s friends find it valuable to talk with science deniers.

32. According to the passage, the “backfire effect” ______.

A. suggests caution before correcting others

B. emphasizes the effectiveness of rebuttals

C. results from flawed reasoning techniques

D. enjoys wide support in the academic field

33. The last two paragraphs suggest that_______.

A. the interviewed parents agreed to vaccination due to the sufficiency of the information

B. geologists and protein biologists need to make sure the conversations are comfortable

C. scientists are encouraged to listen carefully and ask questions during interaction

D. scientists should teach non-experts how to conduct respectful exchanges

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34. In writing this passage, the author aims to_____.

A. express concerns for misinformation

B. analyze the root cau of science denial

C. advocate employing technique rebuttal

D. prent the problems scientists encounter

第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

What’s in a name?

Some words sound like what they mean. And they could influence everything from fictional depictions of aliens to your

first impression on a job application. But most words have no apparent connection to what they signify. As the linguist Steven

Pinker puts it, we call a dog “dog” becau everyone el does. And that’s how it has to be. ___35___

That rule applies to most words, but not all. The words pop and murmur sound like they sound. Try to shout the word

whisper. Weird, right? ___36___ It ems natural to associate the names of large animals, for example, with low-pitched

sounds: say, elephant, compared with mou. Pinker and others argue that iconicity is rare in language, but plenty of

psychologists and linguists disagree.

Beyond the debates, there are far-reaching implications for human interaction. ___37___ People associate the “round”

sounds in people’s names with one t of characteristics, and names featuring “sharp” sounds with a very different t. “Anne

tends to be conscientious, hardworking and nsitive,” Penny Pexman, a psychologist at University of Canada says. “Kate is

expected to be extroverted, less conscientious, less hardworking and less agreeable.”

Luckily, surveys suggest that the link exists only in the mind of the person making it. ___38___ “You could construct a

little bit of an unlikely situation where people start to look like their names over time and maybe people’s personalities start

to match their names through some sort of congruency （―致性）. But we didn’t find that.” Pexman says. There’s also no

evidence that people are basing their judgments on people they met previously.

___39___ “We have videos of people being interviewed for jobs and we will manipulate the names of tho candidates

before others evaluate them,” she says.

“What’s in a name?” William Shakespeare asked us in Romeo and Juliet. “That which we call a ro by any other name

would smell as sweet.” Well, perhaps not.

A. It is generally believed that names define who we are.

B. People tend to expect one to have specific traits bad on how one’s name sounds.

C. English language has developed a rule of names reflecting people’s good qualities.

D. It would overwhelm our ns if every word we spoke came with a deeper meaning.

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E. Such terms show sound iconicity, or a similarity between a word’s form and meaning.

F. There is no evidence that the Kates of the world are more extroverted than the Annes.

G. Pexman will also examine how people’s names could affect their chances of being chon after an interview.

第三部分：書面表達（共兩節，32分）

第一節閱讀表達（共4小題；第40、41小題各2分，第42小題3分，第43小題5分，共12分） 閱讀下面短文，根據題目要求回答問題。

I am not sure how many books I have reread, but perhaps it is fewer than the average person. For me, the pleasure of

rereading is a newly discovered one, though the source material is not.

I ud to take the same approach to books as I did to travel: don’t go to the same place twice. Life is too short. There is

so much to read and so much to e and experience. Then I realid that the fact that life is short might work the other way

around, too: if you know you enjoy something, or somewhere, immenly, then why not return? It makes n when we have

limited amounts of time.

Recently I reread Joph Heller’s Catch-22. I was inspired to do so when reminded of how he’d respond when people

asked him why he’d never written anything as good: “Who has?”

Catch-22 pretty much saved my life when I first read it. I was an extremely depresd 17-year-old, had dropped out of

sixth form twice, didn’t leave the hou at all, and didn’t have a life. It felt as though

I hadn’t laughed in such a long time—me, a person who loves laughing—becau I hadn’t. Catch-22 had me howling. It

managed to take me out of the little private lonely world I had come to inhabit, and though its themes are rious, its sheer

wit and cleverness cheered me immenly. I related to its characters who are themlves trapped. I am now planning to reread

the sort of books that inspired me in my own writing—works I haven’t picked up for a long time but that might energize me

during a time in which all of our batteries are flashing low.

There’s comfort, too, in reading the formative books one loved, and tho t in periods other than our own—the 19th-century and the early 20th-century tales of society. I won’t take a break altogether from reading the most recent releas, but

I have tried to dip more frequently into the historical documents. The irony is that I own a ridiculous number of books, which

I’ve been neglecting （忽略）this whole time. No longer.

40. What approach did the author u to take to books and travel?

41. How did Catch-22 benefit the author?

42. Plea decide which part is fal in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

The author will read historical documents, but stop reading new books,

43. What does rereading mean to you? （In about 40 words）

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第二節（20分）

假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華。你校外教Jim的線上英語課被評為“最受歡迎的線上課”,請你給他寫一封電子郵件，內容包括：

1. 表示祝賀；

2. 表達你對該課程的喜愛，并解釋原因。

注意：1.詞數100左右；

2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。

Dear Jim,

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,

Li Hua

（請務必將作文寫在答題紙指定區域內）

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2021北京海淀高三（上）期中英語

參考答案

第一部分：知識運用（共兩節，30分）

第一節 完形填空 （共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

1. B 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. D

第二節 語法填空 （共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

11. who / that 12. coming 13. and

16. purpos 17. to

14. lies 15. was destroyed

18. produced 19. natural 20. to achieve

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節，38分）

第一節（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）

21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B

31. B 32. A 33. C 34. C

第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

35. D 36. E 37. B 38. F 39. G

第三部分：書面表達（共兩節，32分）

第一節 閱讀表達（共4小題；第40、41小題各2分，第42小題3分，第43小題5分，共12分）

40. Don’t go to the same place twice. / Don’t read the same book twice.

41. The book took the author out of the little private lonely world (he /she had come to inhabit).

42. The author will read historical documents, but stop reading new books.

According to the passage, the author won’t take a break altogether from reading the most recent releas.

43. Rereading books means a lot to me. Each time I reread a book, I have a better understanding of the book as well as my

life. I also enjoy reading the notes I left at the margins, which is like going back to a favorite tour site.

第二節 （20分）

One possible version:

How is everything going? I am writing to express my sincere congratulations to you becau your online class is regarded

as the “Most Popular On-line Class”. You derve that title.

I really appreciate the way you teach. You involve us in the activities and create a supportive learning environment, in

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which we gain knowledge and explore the truth. What I have gained from your class goes beyond that. You stimulate our

interest in learning and teach us to think critically and creatively and it is vital for us in our lives.

We all think highly of your class. Congratulations again and I am looking forward to the surpris you are going to

bring to us in the future.

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