2017-2018上海建平中學高三上英語周練三(教師用)

2024年2月9日發(作者：2016金鷹節)

2017 學年度第一學期高三英語周二練習 2017.9.19

II. Grammar and Vocabulary(20%)

Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the

passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in

each blank with proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, u one word that

best fits each blank.

In the 1960s, the Word Health Organization(WHO) began a campaign to get rid of

the mosquitoes that transmit the dia malaria. It was a noble goal, since malaria

kills a(n) (21) (estimate) 3 million people each year in the world's tropical regions,

mainly southern Africa. WHO led an effort to spray the mosquitoe's habitat with a

chemical pesticide---a poison ud to kill incts---called DDT. Early results were

promising and the mosquito (22) (eliminate)

from the edge of its native range. The effort soon faltered, however, and the killing

plan was drooped. How was it (23) a tiny mosquito could spoil the best efforts of a

large group of

well-funded scientists?

Situations like this one (24) (occur) dozens of times in the last veral

decades. In a

common scenario, whenever a new type of pesticide is ud to control agricultural

pests, the early results are encouraging. A relatively small amount of the poison

dusted onto a crop may kill 99% of the incts. However, the relatively few survivors

of the first pesticide wave are incts with genes (25) somehow enable them to resist

the chemical attack. The poison kills most members

of the inct population, (26) (leave) only the resistant individuals to reproduce.

And (27)

they do, their offspring inherit the genes for pesticide resistance. In each

generation, the proportion of pesticide-resistant individuals in the inct population

increas, making subquent spraying (28) (effective).(29) the widespread u of

chemical pesticides began in the 1940s, scientists

have documented pesticide resistance in more than 500 species of incts. The problems

such incts po—through their impact on agriculture and medicine—are just some of

the many ways that evolution has a direct connection to our daily lives. Everywhere,

all the time, populations of organisms are fine-tuning adaptations (30) local

environments through the evolutionary process of natural lection. Given the dynamics

of Earth and its life, it is not surprising that even the kinds of organisms on the

planet---the species---have changed over time.

Section B

Directions : Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word

can only be ud once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. primarily B. movement C. limited D. identified E. accounted F. needed G. emergence

H. concentration I. outcome J. achieved K. among

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For almost 5,000 years, cities changed little. Then their growth, in size and

number, was so rapid that it has been called an urban revolution or urban explosion.

In 1700, less than 2 percent of the population of Great Britain lived in cities, but

by 1900, the majority of the British did European countries and the United

States soon 31 the same level of urbanization in an even shorter period. Today, the

and other Western countries are 32 the most urbanized in the world, along with many

Latin American countries, which have become mostly urbanized in more recent years.

The major stimulus to the urban explosion was the Industrial Revolution. It

triggered a ries of related events, 33 by sociologist Philip Haur (1981) as

population explosion, followed

by population explosion and population implosion, and then by technophile.

Industrialization first caus a ri in production growth, and the mechanization of

fanning brings about an agricultural surplus. Fewer farmers can support more people---and thus larger urban populations . Workers no longer 34 on the farms move to the

city.

There is, then, displacement of people from rural to urban areas( population

displosion) and a greater 35 of people in a limited area (population implosion). The

development of other new technologiess purs on urbanization. Improved transportation,

for example, speeds the 36 of food and other materials to urban centers.

The 37 of the events was the industrial city. Compared with the preindustrial

city, the industrial city was larger, more denly ttled and more diver. It was a

place where large numbers of people—

with a wide range of skills, interests, and

cultural backgrounds---could live and work together in a(n) 38 C space. Also, unlike

the preindustrial city, which had rved 39 as a religious or government center, the

industrial city was a commercial hub. In fact, its abundant job opportunity attracted

so many rural migrants that migration 40 for the largest share

of its population growth. Without the migrants, cities would not have grown at all

becau of the high mortality rate brought about by extremely poor sanitary

conditions.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or

phras marked A, B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phra that best

fits the context.

We've all heard the dangers of helicopter parenting. Remaining too 41 in a kid's

life, especially throughout college, can lead to depression, lack of lf-reliance and

feelings of entitlement.

Superficially, this wisdom is sound. But some academics and educators now say they

e signs of a troubling backlash(反沖)

.The concern: wasnings that moms and dads

should 42

“the

overparenting trap”---are discouraging parents from getting invovled at all.

Yes, parents can be intrusive. 43 , there are increasing examples of parents

refusing

to step up when students genuinely need their family. One mom kept 44 (about her son's

signs of depression until right before he failed a mester. She did not want t“oh

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elicopter in.”

That means colleges, which have spent the past decade learning t4o5 parents who

get too involved, now have a different 46 . But the solution to both is the same:

devising ways to channel moms and dads into the right kind of 47 role. Much of this

began becau schools were forced to cope with a generation of students

48 with their parents like never before, thanks to smart phones. And with 49 in

education soaring, university leaders have started to view parents as investment

partners. Most of them have paid for this education for their children or gone into

debt for this education. And in some n, they*re entitled to know and be assured

that colleges are 5 0 their children's

welfare.

Crucially, parent-outreach programs have also rved as buffers(緩沖), 51

students---or wor, their professors~the discomfort of the nagging. At the University

of Maryland, for example, the parent office has handled for 52 weekly academic-progress reports, which do not exist in higher education^ Parents just want to know

they have a place to go where someone will listen to

their concerns.

But now, with some moms and dads cautious of even contacting the school in the

first place, tho same programs are being ud to encourage a more balanced approach,

often via blogs, email and Facebook. Parents are now advid to be a guide, while

acknowledging that the 53 owns the journey. That means asking questions, listening to

answers, being patient and trusting kids to resolve their own problems. But if issues

54 , or if a student is in rious mental or physical danger, it also means hopping in

the chopper, at least for a little while. hink about it, helicopters are uful

tools,”says Chela Petree, who is launching a parent-outreach program. 'They can e

things we on the 55 can't e and get to emergencies quicker

than

we can. They can swoop in when needed“.T he key is that they go back up”.

41. A. Binvolved Cdetached D .enclod

42. A. Set Bn C .avoid D . ensure

43. A. Besides B. Similarly C .Actually D. However

44. A. alert B. quiet Cinformed D. unaware

45. A. cope with

Bkeep off C .turn down D. ttle down

.

problem 46. A. attitude

BC . approach D. nature

.

informative

Cneutral

B47. A. supportive D. superior

.

matched

.

48. A. identified BCobsd D. connected

Bcosts

Cdemands 49. A. complaints D. sufferings

.

B. keeping track of C . looking forward to D.

.

50. A. Taking care

of

51. A. Costing

Btaking part

winning C .granting D. sparing

.

passion 52. A. Demands BC .distractiD. priorities

53. A. professor

Bparent C .student D. college

.

exist 54. A. persist BC .ari D. decline

55. A. surface B. ground C .panel D. craft

Section B

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Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by veral

questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,

B, C and D. Choo the one that fits best according to the information given in the

passage you have just read.

Louisianans believe in leading a healthy lifestyle that is actively involved in

prerving the earth's environment and resources. According to Louisianans, respect for

one's own mental and physical health should exist in parallel with care for the earth's

ecology. They believe their actions, in this way, can have a positive effect on our

global environment and might be able to rever the negative effects of mindless, lfish

consumption.

On the road, Louisianans tend to prefer bicycles as a means of transportation, since

bikes produce no pollution, take up less space than cars, and allow riders to

simultaneously exerci and commute to and from work or school. Off the road, Louisianans

want to enter eco-friendly structures. Therefore, favored buildings for them will be

tho using water, electricity, and other resources more efficiently. This can be

achieved through employing

“

green

building

techniques, including well-thought-out design and the u of environmentally friendly

materials, .such as organic paint and heat-insulating tiles. Although the green

practices are not likely to bring immediate benefits to the environment and the health

of people today, Louisianans are confident that the practices will benefit their

children and future generations.

As more consumers are adopting LOHAS values, the corporate world has started to

respond to this growing trend by beginning to practice responsible capitalism, which

means providing goods4

and rvices using environmentally friendly and economically sustainable business

practices. For instance, McDonald's switched its packaging for its hamburgers from

plastic foam to paper in the early 1990s becau the latter is biodegradable. Coca-Cola's efforts in the area of sustainable packaging focus mainly on

“

usingle

ss

”an d

“

reusingm ore.

”In 2006, Coca-Cola redesigned its glass bottle to

extend its life cycle and reduce its impact on the environment. As a result, the

company saved 89,000 metric tons of glass in 2007 alone, and, therefore, reduced

carbon dioxide emissions to a level equivalent to that of the planting of more than

13,000 acres of trees.

Clearly, LOHAS values have become a significant trend in the world today.

Individual or corporate

“cultural creatives”

are promoting the values by

challenging old traditions, kicking . old habits, and building new lifestyles. In

the LOHAS philosophy, this is an era for change and for revolutionary concepts that

benefit the mind and body. It is an era in which all individuals should evolve into

Louisianans and take action to save the planet, before it is too late.

56. Which of the following statements is the main idea of the reading?

A. More and more people are taking action to stop the earth from being destroyed.

B. Nowadays, most customers are very concerned with their own health.

C. Many corporations are following environmentally friendly business practices.

D. A new lifestyle focusing on health and sustainability has become a growing trend.

57. People who believe in and practice the LOHAS philosophy do not .

A. prefer more environmentally friendly means of transportation.

B. take action to protect and prerve the environment

C. emphasize the immediate benefits of their actions.

D. favor buildings that u less energy.

58. Which of the following practices may a corporate LOHAS follower perform?

A. Redesign the packaging of a product to increa the consumption of resources.

B. U environmentally friendly business practices to provide products to consumers.

C. Avoid using biodegradable packaging becau it costs a lot of money.

D. Offer employees rich foods, such as hamburgers and soft drinks.

59. We can infer from the reading that the author's attitude toward LOHAS is most

likely to be

A. pessimistic B. negative C. affirmative D. indifferent

(B)

Look at rocks and bones, dig up your own fossils, and find out how to identify prehistoric

animals and plants at the Natural History Muum. Dinosaurs became extinct around 65 million

years ago, so how do we know what they looked like and how they behaved

、

Bring your pupils to

our Dino Scene investigation workshops to find out. If you want more from your dinosaur

experience, you can actually spend the night in the muum. Our Dino Snores programme takes your

into the muum and on your way to your

“bedroom”

you solve a puzzle. You can then watch a

film before going to sleep under the Diplodocus dinosaur. Although muum admission is free there

is a charge for the Dino Snores events, so e the website for details.

Bring your staff to our special Mediaeval Knight School for a company event they won

't forget. Our

experienced knights will tell you about the history of Warwick Castle and will take you back to

mediaeval times when the Castle's soldiers were getting ready to fight. Your employees will improve

their business skills, such as leadership and trust, while they learn about fighting with swords and

bows and arrows. For more information, contact our Porsch e has unique history in motor racing

and engineering innovation. The Porsche Muum in Stuttgart, Germany has around BO of the most

famous Porsche models in the history of the company. Children can take part in the

“Muum

Rallye

”, which is a quiz relating to the exhibits. There is also a special children

's audio

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, which is available in veral languages. They can learn about the exhibitions in any order

and at their own speed. It rves to prent the excitement and variety of the Porsche brand to the

children from all over

60. Which of the following statements is not true according to the brochure?

A. Sleepovers are offered at the Natura'

lHistory Muum (NHM) to attract children to

it.

B. Porsche wants to attract children to the muum to help adverti the cars.

C. To inspire children to become future engineer is one aim of Porsche Muum.

D. Visitors have the opportunity to recognize different dinosaurs in NHM.

61. Which of the following activities is not available in the Porsche Muum?

A. Listening to a recorded guide.

B. Learn about the exhibits at their own pace,

C. Taking part in a model car race.

D. Participating in a quiz,

62. Companies u the Mediaeval Knight School at Warwick Castle .

A. to learn about sales techniques.

B. to teach staff to

C. to help team building.

D. to help the staff remember the experience.

(C)

Every few years, there

'as h ot new management strategy that promis to make

employees happier, healthier and more productive. To that end, we've en the ri of

positions like

“chief happiness officer”

as well as workplace dogs and on-site

meditation. But while employers may have improved the office itlf, they have not

solved the stress of leaving it: the crushing tide of emails and IMs, which---thanks

to the ri of smart phones—can pull us back to work, anytime, anywhere. Now, in an

effort to prevent burnout, a growing number of employers have started to suggest ways

in which employees should unplug their connected devices. The automaker, Volkswagen,

in collaboration with its union, t its rvers to stop mobile email rvice for some

works from 30 minutes after quitting time until 30 minutes before starting time.

The measures may sound dramatic and possibly impractical, but there is data to

suggest they are needed A recent rearch suggests that limiting the number of times a

day that we check email or work-chat rvices—

from, say, 10 or 20 to three or four---cannot only reduce stress levels but also increa overall productivity,

But in order for any solution to succeed, workers have to be willing to regulate

their own habits And that is especially tough in a country like the U.S,

，

where

being super busy, or at least appearing to be super busy, is a point of pride. Even if

more U.S. employers were to implement the kinds of limits that V olkswagen do, experts

are skeptical that they'd work.

4iIf the social norm is to be on all the time, you don

't want to be the odd one out/

'，

sa yN Awn Jgerlsae

Lye-baaneyd

marketing consultant, adding that some boss will think less of employees for not

answering email after work hours, even if they say they won't.

Moreover, dictating when and how employees should u their connected devices will

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inevitably hamper many workers. There are plenty of people who do their best work at 3

a.m. In fact, a majority of working adults say that being able to check work email at

home makes it easier to get more done; many also said it improved their relationships

with colleagues.

For now, it ems, the best way for employers to foster a fulfilled, productive

workforce is to be flexible, both inside and outside the office. One example, although

Andy Mon fried, the CEO and founder of Lotame, a New York-bad data-managementc

ompany, says tho kinds of time limits wouldn't work for his business—

it

'toso

global

—he does give his employees flexibility on

5U

when and where they can work.

Hes also vigilant about burnout. I vowed that I would not create a company where

people had the Sunday-night blues—

the kind where you go to bed sick to your

stomach,he says.“

I tell people that if that

's happening repeatedly, i'ts a sign of

work-life imbalance and they should come talk to me”.

63. To stop employees from getting exhausted, employers tried to .

A. promi to make their staff happier and more productive.

B. allow pet dogs in the office.

C. encourage meditation in workplace.

D. suggest ways to disconnect their mobile devices.

63. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the article?

A. Employers will find ways to regulate workers, working habits.

B. U.S. experts cast doubt on the feasibility of limiting connected time.

C. U.S. employers won^ think of contacting employees after work.

D. Volkswagen's policies will also apply to U.S. companies.

64. The underlined word

‘Hamper', is clost in meaning to .

A. facilitate B. handicap e D. toughen

65. Which of the following can be inferred from the article? ems to be no

right way to unplug from work.

B. Flexibility on when and where to work is the best way to avoid burnout.

C. Employees applaud the way to cut down their connected time.

D. Impractical as the measures sound, they will work well for employers.

Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper

ntence given in the box. Each ntence can be ud only once. Note that there are

two more ntences than you need. Distance or face-to-face learning -wha'ts the

difference?

Although many people think it is a modem phenomenon, distance learning has been

around for at least 200 years in one form or another.

When comparing the two systems, the first and most obvious area to focus on is

the way that learning is delivered. Distance learning is heavily dependent on

technology, particularly the internet. (67) In comparison, when learning remotely,

technology is the principal

means of communication. The flexibility this provides means that students may be

better able to learn at their own pace, following their own timetable, but it may also

mean that learners have to be well-organized and lf-disciplined. They must therefore

be highly motivated in order to do well on the distance-learning cours.

(68) Namely, the teacher is the

‘knower',, and is responsible for

helping students

8

understand the key components of the cour. However, the nature of the relationship

may differ slightly within the two modes of delivery. With face-to-face learning, the

teacher and student have the opportunity to develop a personal relationship through

lectures, minars and tutorials. This is different from a distance-learning cour,

where the teacher may ldom or indeed never actually meet the student This may make

it hard for teachers to understand their learners'

specific learning needs.

(69) Generally, students like to meet regularly and talk to people on the

same cour.

However, this kind of interaction on a distance-learning cour is less common.

Although people can increasingly interact through online conversations and message

boards, there is a significant difference between virtual and real interaction. Time

and geography must also be considered when contrasting the two types of learning.

Face-to-face learning must take place in real-time and in one location.

In conclusion, it is difficult to state whether one form of learning is better

than another, as they cater for different audiences. What is important to understand

is the different ways in which they operate, and that there are strong similarities

between the two systems, which can both produce positive results.

A. Historical examples of long-distance learning include students being nt a ries

of weekly lessors by post.

B. Converly；

distance learning can happen at any time and in any location, since

the learning is not restricted by geography.

C. On a face-to-face cour, students may only require a computer for the purpo of

writing an essay.

D. The technological, advances of the past 20 or so years have meant that distance

learning is now able to rival face-to-face learning as a credible alternative.

E. For many students, interaction with their peers is one of the best aspects of

university education.

F. In terms of the teacher-student relationship, the core principles remain the same.

IV. Summary Writing (10%)

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points)

of the passage in no more than 60 words. U your own words as far as possible.

An endangered species is a group of animals that could soon become extinct

Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no

more. Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear off the face of the earth

very soon if we don't do anything to save them. There are many reasons why species

become endangered but most of them are due to humans. However, there are things that

we can do to save endangered species.

Habitat destruction is the main reason why animals become endangered and this

happensin two ways. When humans move into a new area, the animals'habitat is destroyed

and there is nothing to eat becau humans chop down trees and build hous and farms.

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Animal habitats are also destroyed becau of pollution. Chemicals in rivers and

poisons on farms cau the destruction of habitats and animals can no longer live

there.

Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. Animals are killed

for their fur, bones or skin, or just for sport Some al species are now on the verge

of extinction becau they are killed for their fur to make coats. Tigers are shot to

make medicine and tea fromth eir bones, and crocodiles are caught to make bags and

shoes. Overfishing means that large a creatures like whales, tuna and sharks have

all become endangered species, becau too many are caught to make things like shark's

fin soup.

from

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So what can individuals and governments do to protect animal and plant species

becoming endangered? We should take care not to pollute natural areas, and farmers or

companies who destroy animal habits should face a financial penalty. Governments can

help, too, by making it against the law to hunt, fish or trade in endangered species.

If we all cooperate by taking the steps, we will protect our planet so that our

children and their children can enjoy it too.

V. Translation(15%)

Directions: Translate the following ntences into English, using the words given in

the brackets.

1.

缺乏足夠的訓練讓他與金牌失之交臂。(

cost)

2.

政府計劃發展該島嶼，我們很難想象

20

年后該島會變成什么樣子。(

what)

3.

盡管高溫天氣接二連三 ，環衛工人(

sanitation workers)

堅守崗位 ，確保市民享受干凈 整 潔的環境。

4.

不管暑假是用來學習或追求自己的愛好，都要事先好好計劃一下，這樣到時你就不會不 知該做什么了。

VL. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the

instructions given below in Chine.

請簡要描述以下圖片并談談你的感想。

答案：

21-30：estimated was eliminated that have occurred that leaving whatever when less

effective since to

31-40: JKDF GHCAE

41-55: BCDBA BADBA DACAB

56-70: DCBC CCC DBBB CFDE

Lack of adequate training cost him miss the gold medal.

The government plans to develop the island. I'ts hard for us to imagine what it'll be

like 20 years

later.

In spite of the hot weather, sanitation workers stick to their posts and ensure clean

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and tidy environment for the public.

Whether summer vacation is for study or pursuit of your hobbies, plan ahead so that

yo'lul know what to do.（翻譯答案僅供參考）

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