高中英語(yǔ)單詞天天記lack素材

2024年2月13日發(fā)(作者：三霄洞)

· lack

· v. [l?k] ( lacks;lacked;lacking )

·

· 雙解釋義

·

vt. 缺少;缺乏 be not enough;have less or little

· 基本要點(diǎn)

?

的基本意思是“缺少”“缺乏”,指某物完全沒(méi)有或有而不足,所缺之物可好可壞。lack也可用于抽象事物,指缺少某種品質(zhì)或某物缺少某種性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)。如character, training, imagination, tact, individuality, evidence, money,

strength, courage, interest, humour 等。

是表示狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞,不用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),也不用于進(jìn)行體。

后接介詞for,表示缺乏什么或在某方面缺少,常用于否定句,是正式用語(yǔ),該短語(yǔ)多用于一般時(shí)態(tài),隱含“并非完全沒(méi)有”之意。

的現(xiàn)在分詞lacking常用作形容詞,在句中作表語(yǔ)。其后接介詞in引起的短語(yǔ),表示“在(抽象事物方面)缺乏…”。

?

· 詞匯搭配

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

～+名詞

lack courage 缺乏勇氣

lack ten minutes 差十分鐘

lack the experience 缺少經(jīng)驗(yàn)

～+副詞

lack abruptly 突然缺乏

lack absolutely 絕對(duì)缺乏

lack abundantly 完全缺乏

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

lack accidentally 偶然地缺乏

lack bewilderingly 使人迷惑地缺乏

lack completely 完全缺乏

lack considerably 非常缺乏

lack conspicuously 明顯地缺乏

lack deliberately 故意缺乏

lack entirely 完全地缺乏

lack esntially 基本缺乏

lack excessively 過(guò)多缺乏

lack exclusively 完全地缺乏

lack financially 資金上地缺乏

lack gradually 漸漸地缺乏

lack gravely 嚴(yán)重地缺乏

lack illogically 不合邏輯地缺乏

lack impossibly 不可能缺乏

lack incessantly 持續(xù)不斷地缺乏

lack inevitably 不可避免地缺乏

lack insistently 明顯地缺乏

lack irrelevantly 不相關(guān)地缺乏

lack liberally 大量地缺乏

lack logically 情理之中地缺乏

lack materially 物質(zhì)上缺乏

lack obviously 明顯地缺乏

lack powerfully 十分缺乏

lack practically 實(shí)在缺乏

lack prematurely 提前地缺乏

lack primarily 首要缺乏

lack principally 主要缺乏

lack probably 很可能缺乏

lack repeatedly 多次地缺乏

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

lack resolutely 絕對(duì)地缺乏

lack sadly 嚴(yán)重地缺乏

lack riously 嚴(yán)重地缺乏

lack verely 嚴(yán)重缺乏

lack simultaneously 同一時(shí)間地缺乏

lack substantially 實(shí)實(shí)在在地缺乏

lack superficially 表面上缺乏

lack tentatively 暫時(shí)缺乏

lack thoroughly 徹底缺乏

lack unanimously 一致缺乏

lack undoubtedly 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)缺乏

lack unexpectedly 意外地缺乏

lack unfavourably 產(chǎn)生不利的缺乏

lack unhesitatingly 毫不遲疑地缺乏

lack universally 普遍缺乏

lack unmistakably 顯而易見地缺乏

lack unreasonably 不合理地缺乏

lack utterly 完全缺乏

lack visibly 明顯地缺乏

lack vitally 極其缺乏

lack voluntarily 有意缺乏

～+介詞

lack for money 缺錢

lack for nothing 什么都不缺

lack for plan 缺少計(jì)劃

lack in 缺乏(某種品質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)等)

lack in courage 缺乏勇氣

lack in energy 缺乏精力

lack in strength 缺乏力量

· 常用短語(yǔ)

?

lack for(v.+prep.)

缺少,缺乏have need of sth

〔說(shuō)明〕 lack for不用于進(jìn)行體,也不用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。

▲lack for sb/sth

She does not lack for friends.她不缺朋友。

He will not lack for advirs.他會(huì)有很多出謀劃策的人。

The children lack for nothing although the parents are poorly dresd.這些小孩什么都不缺,雖然他們的父母穿得不好。

I will e that you lack for nothing while you attend college.我要使你上大學(xué)時(shí)樣樣齊備。

Nothing is lacking for our plan.按我們的計(jì)劃,什么也不缺了。

They do not lack for funds.他們不缺資金。

You shall never lack for money while I am alive. 我活著你就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)缺錢。

Becau money was lacking for the project, the committee did not approve this

project.委員會(huì)沒(méi)有批準(zhǔn)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目,因?yàn)樵擁?xiàng)目缺乏經(jīng)費(fèi)。

She has a wealthy childhood, never lacking for toys or books.她有一個(gè)不愁吃不愁穿的童年,從來(lái)不缺玩具和書籍。

Space lacks for a detailed description of it.篇幅有限,不能對(duì)此詳加描述。

Time lacks for full explanation.沒(méi)有時(shí)間做充分的解釋。

▲lack sth for sth

He lacks the qualifications for the post.他不具備擔(dān)任這一職務(wù)的資格。

?

?

be lacking

缺乏;沒(méi)有be in short of;be not available

▲be lacking

Money is lacking.錢不夠。

The necessary chemicals are lacking.必要的化學(xué)藥品缺乏。

The conditions are still lacking. 這些條件還不具備。

▲be lacking in sth

This evening newspaper is lacking in analytical articles.這家晚報(bào)缺少分析性文章。

Even if the play is lacking in conflict, it does have some superb poetry and

a wealth of high astounding terms.這個(gè)劇本即使缺乏沖突,倒還有優(yōu)美的詩(shī)句和不少驚人的妙語(yǔ)。

The room is lacking in colour. 這間房缺乏色彩。

She was lacking in mathematical training.她缺乏數(shù)學(xué)訓(xùn)練。

His reception of us was lacking in warmth.他接待我們不夠熱情。

He is lacking in responsibility.他缺乏責(zé)任心。

None of his plans ever comes through becau he is lacking in determination.他的計(jì)劃沒(méi)有一個(gè)成功,因?yàn)樗麤](méi)有決心。

Humour is lacking in his speech.他講話缺乏幽默。

He is lacking in technical know-how.他缺乏技術(shù)知識(shí)。

He is lacking in manners.他沒(méi)有禮貌。

She was lacking in wisdom.她缺少智慧。

We are poor, but we are not lacking in spirit.我們?nèi)烁F志不窮。

He ems to be lacking in frankness.他似乎不夠坦率。

A diet lacking in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.缺乏營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值的飲食不能維持人的健康。

Before we had a child we felt that there was something lacking in our lives.在我們沒(méi)有孩子的時(shí)候,總覺(jué)得生活中缺少什么。

Though lacking in fluency, he spoke to the point. 他說(shuō)得不流利但能切中要害。

?

· 句型例句

?

用作及物動(dòng)詞

▲S+～+n./pron.

We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.我們必須看到我們還缺乏有資質(zhì)的專家。

I can't em to lack anything.我好像什么都不缺。

We lacked food.我們沒(méi)有食物。

We lack neither food nor clothing today.如今,我們不愁吃,不缺穿。

We never lack food and clothing if we're willing to work.如果我們?cè)敢夤ぷ?就不會(huì)缺吃少穿。

The city lacks a good library.這個(gè)城市缺少一個(gè)好圖書館。

But they could not finish their work becau they lacked money.但是,他們無(wú)法完成這一工作,因?yàn)槿鄙馘X。

They met with many difficulties, for they lacked equipment, experience and

technical data.因?yàn)槿鄙僭O(shè)備,缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)和技術(shù)資料,他們遇到不少困難。

Red soil lacks organic matter.紅土缺乏有機(jī)質(zhì)。

A dert lacks water.沙漠缺乏水。

It lacks ten minutes of ven.現(xiàn)在是七點(diǎn)差十分。

The vote lacks three of being a majority.差三張選票就過(guò)半數(shù)。

He lacks decision. 他缺乏決斷力。

He wanted to say no, but lacked the courage.他想不同意,但又沒(méi)有勇氣這樣說(shuō)。

I lack words with which to express my thanks.我無(wú)法以言語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)我的感激之情。

The company lacks sufficient money to invest in new products.公司沒(méi)有足夠的錢對(duì)新產(chǎn)品投資。

She lacks the strength to do the work.做這項(xiàng)工作不是她力所能及的。

We lacked the strength to walk any further.我們沒(méi)有力氣再往前走了。

I lacked the stamina to run the whole length of the race. 我沒(méi)有跑完全程的精力。

We lacked the experience to succeed.我們?nèi)狈θ〉贸晒Φ慕?jīng)驗(yàn)。

?

· 詞語(yǔ)辨異

?

lack, be deficient in, want

這組詞(組)均可表示“缺乏”。其區(qū)別在于：

指完全沒(méi)有或有而不足,所缺之物可好可壞,在用法上, lack 后面不能接動(dòng)名詞。

指缺乏值得有、希望有或?yàn)榱送暾远匦璧臇|西,在用法上want也可以跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),而且用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)的意義。例如:

She is wanting in common n.她缺乏常識(shí)。

You shall never want while I have any money left.只要我有余錢,就不會(huì)叫你缺少什么。

deficient in則是具體或明確地指出、說(shuō)明在某方面缺少或不足。例如:

This food is deficient in iron.這種食物缺乏鐵。

Nothing was deficient in this project.這項(xiàng)工程什么都不缺。

lack, fall short of

這兩者意思并不相同：lack的意思是“缺乏”;而fall short of的意思是“沒(méi)有達(dá)到”。例如:

He has the ability to work well, but he lacks confidence.他有能力把工作做好,但他缺乏信心。

The movie fell short of expectation. 影片沒(méi)有人們想象中的好。

The salary increas fell short of what they expected. 工資增加沒(méi)有他們期待的那樣多。

lack for, want for

這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)都可表示“缺乏必要的或想要的東西”,意義相近,常可互換,只是前者表示“客觀缺乏什么”,而后者則進(jìn)一步表明“主觀上想要”,且lack for的意味比want for的意味弱。例如:

As he is very rich he lacks for nothing.他很富有,什么也不缺。

We should not want for food.我們不會(huì)缺少食物。

?

· 正誤解析

?

1.他缺錢〔時(shí)間〕。

［誤］ He is lacking in money〔time〕.

［正］ Time〔Money〕 is lacking.

［析］ lack in只能用于有關(guān)人、物、事本質(zhì)上的性質(zhì)缺乏,而不可用于時(shí)間和金錢。

2.他缺錢。

［誤］ He is lack of money.

［正］ He lacks money.

［析］ lack不是形容詞,不可說(shuō)be lack of。

3.他完全沒(méi)有良心。

［誤］ Conscience was lacked to him.

［正］ He completely lacks conscience.

那家伙缺乏理智。

［誤］ Common n was lacked to that fellow.

［正］ That fellow lacks common n.

［析］ lack是表示狀態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞,不用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。

?

· · lack

· n. [l?k]

·

· 雙解釋義

·

S U 缺乏,不足,沒(méi)有 the state of not having enough of sth

· 基本要點(diǎn)

?

lack用作名詞時(shí)基本意思是“缺乏,不足”,不可數(shù),只用作單數(shù)形式,其前面加不定冠詞a,常與介詞of連用。

?

· 詞匯搭配

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

動(dòng)詞+～

create the lack 造成缺乏

ea the lack 解決缺乏

feel a lack 感到不足〔缺乏〕

have no lack 不缺乏

make up the lack 彌補(bǔ)不足

recognize a lack 承認(rèn)缺乏,認(rèn)識(shí)到不足

n a lack 意識(shí)到不足〔缺乏〕

show a lack 表現(xiàn)出不足

supply a lack 補(bǔ)缺

形容詞+～

acute lack 嚴(yán)重缺乏

complete lack 完全短缺,完全缺少

desperate lack 嚴(yán)重不足

general lack 普遍不足

growing lack 日益缺乏

housing lack 住房短缺

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

rious lack 嚴(yán)重缺乏

vere lack 嚴(yán)重缺乏

名詞+～

food lack 食品短缺

fuel lacks 燃料缺乏

labor lack 勞力短缺

material lack 材料的短缺

teacher lack 師資短缺

wartime lack 戰(zhàn)時(shí)各種物資的短缺

介詞+～

by lack of 因缺…,因沒(méi)有…

for lack of 因缺…,因沒(méi)有…

through lack of 因缺…,因沒(méi)有…

～+介詞

lack of 缺少…

lack of common n 缺乏普通常識(shí)

lack of energy 能源短缺

lack of experience 缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)

lack of fuel 燃料的短缺

lack of funds 資金不足

lack of information 信息不足

lack of interest 興趣不足

lack of method 缺乏辦法

lack of money 錢不夠

lack of proper protect 缺乏適當(dāng)?shù)谋Ｗo(hù)

lack of qualities 品質(zhì)差

lack of resources 資源短缺

lack of sleep 缺少睡眠

lack of space 缺少篇幅

lack of time 缺乏時(shí)間

?

lack of water 缺水

· 常用短語(yǔ)

?

by lack of

不足,因…而沒(méi)有 the state of not having enough of sth

I hate feeling fenced in by lack of money.我討厭手頭拮據(jù)的境遇。

His business was embarrasd for a time by lack of ready money.他由于缺少流動(dòng)資金使業(yè)務(wù)活動(dòng)受阻。

?

?

for lack of

缺乏,因…而沒(méi)有 the state of not having enough of sth

You mustn't mistake lack of formal education for lack of wisdom.你絕不能誤認(rèn)為沒(méi)有受到正規(guī)教育就是沒(méi)有智慧。

The project was hung up for lack of funds.由于缺少資金,這項(xiàng)工程被擱置下來(lái)。

Several rearch institutions were clod down for lack of fund.由于缺乏資金,好幾家研究所被迫關(guān)門了。

?

?

from lack of

不足,因…而沒(méi)有 the state of not having enough of sth

The evils ensue from lack of a stable government.這些弊病是由于缺乏穩(wěn)定的政府而引起的。

In a vere winter, wild animals can die from lack of food.在寒冷的冬天,野獸可能因?yàn)槿狈κ澄锒火I死。

?

?

the lack of

…不足 the state of not having enough of sth

They carried on with their experiment in spite of the lack of facilities.盡管設(shè)備不足,他們還是繼續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)。

The lack of facilities for elderly people has cast doubts on the whole of

the redevelopment scheme.整個(gè)重建計(jì)劃缺乏提供給老人們的設(shè)施,這使人們對(duì)計(jì)劃產(chǎn)生了懷疑。

Although his range of reading was wide, he could not in some respects repair

the lack of early education.雖然他的閱讀范圍很廣,但是在某些方面還不能彌補(bǔ)早年所受教育的不足。

It is easy to discern a connection between high rents and the lack of housing.顯而易見,高房租和住房缺乏是彼此相關(guān)的。

The long winter and the lack of fuel discouraged the ttlers.冬日漫漫,又缺乏燃料,使定居者感到泄氣。

As winter drew on, we felt the lack of an efficient way of heating the hou.冬天快到了,我們的房子尚無(wú)有效的取暖方法。

We drop the plan becau of the lack of support.因?yàn)榈貌坏街С?我們?nèi)∠诉@個(gè)計(jì)劃。

?

· 句型例句

?

He exhibited a complete lack of concern for others.他表現(xiàn)出對(duì)別人的漠不關(guān)心。

Hard work can often make up for a lack of ability.努力工作經(jīng)常可以彌補(bǔ)能力的不足。

Their failure to reply to our letter ems to imply a lack of interest.他們沒(méi)有回我們的信,似乎暗示他們?nèi)狈εd趣。

Wrong opinions often proceed from a lack of information.錯(cuò)誤的看法往往產(chǎn)生于不了解情況。

Lack of time prevented me from writing to you.由于沒(méi)有時(shí)間,我沒(méi)能給你寫信。

Some people refer all the troubles to bad luck instead of lack of ability.有些人把自己所有的苦惱都?xì)w咎于運(yùn)氣不佳,而不認(rèn)為是缺乏能力。

My sister has been preaching at me again about my lack of neatness.我姐姐又在跟我嘮叨,要我改掉不愛(ài)整潔的毛病。

Henry's lack of money kept him from going to the conference.亨利由于缺錢,不能去參加會(huì)議。

You show promi as a musician but your lack of practice is keeping you back.作為音樂(lè)家,你有很大的前途,但是缺乏實(shí)踐,影響你的發(fā)展。

His difficulties issue from his lack of knowledge.他的困難是由于知識(shí)貧乏造成的。

She ud her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence.她利用她漂亮的外表來(lái)彌補(bǔ)智力的不足。

John failed to win the prize, and he charged it to his lack of experience.約翰沒(méi)能得獎(jiǎng),他說(shuō)是因?yàn)榻?jīng)驗(yàn)不足。

His mistakes betrayed his lack of education.他的種種錯(cuò)誤顯示出他缺乏教育。

· 正誤解析

?

那位科學(xué)家由于缺少經(jīng)費(fèi)而放棄了他的研究。

［誤］ The scientist abandoned his rearch becau of the lack of funds.

［正］ The scientist abandoned his rearch for lack of funds.

彼得因毫不體貼母親而受到嚴(yán)厲訓(xùn)斥。

［誤］ Peter was verely lectured becau of the lack of consideration

to his mother.

［正］ Peter was verely lectured for lack of consideration to his mother.

［析］ 表示“因缺乏”,可用for〔by,from,through〕 lack of,但不能用becau

of the lack of。

?

· 補(bǔ)充資料

?

［同義詞］want

［反義詞］［詞源］

?

n. abnce, need, shortage, want

n. abundance, profusion

lac(缺乏)

v. miss, need, require,

＜中古英語(yǔ)