自動化專業(yè)英語論文

The Single-chip Microcomputers

Abstract: nowadays, almost nobody are not familiar with the computer. Exactly,

people’s life will not continue without the computer. Now, the computer is more and

more likely to be ud in an automatic system design to imitate human being’s brain.

This essay will introduce something about Single-chip Microcomputers.

Keywords: SCM, miconductor, computer

history of the SCM

Modern computer technology, integrated circuits in the basic digital

industrial revolution, the world economy logic circuits first breakthrough. A large

from the capital into the economy to number of digital logic circuits, such as

knowledge economy. Field in the gates, counters, timers, shift registers,

electronic world, from the 20th century and analog switches, comparators, etc.,

into the era of radio to computer for the electronic digital control provides

technology in the 21st century as the excellent conditions for the traditional

center of the intelligent modern era of mechanical control to electronic control.

electronic systems. The basic core of Power electronic devices and nsor

modern electronic systems are technology to make the original to the

embedded computer systems (referred to radio as the center of electronic

as embedded systems), while the technology turned to mechanical

microcontroller is the most typical and engineering in the field of digital control

most extensive and most popular systems, testing in the field of

embedded systems. information collection, movement of

Fifties and sixties in the 20th electrical mechanical rvo drive control

century, the most reprentative of the object.

advanced electronic technology is Semiconductor and integrated

wireless technology, including radio circuit technology will bring us a

broadcasting, radio, wireless universal age of electronic technology,

communications (telegraph), Amateur wireless technology as the field of

Radio, radio positioning, navigation and electronic technology a part of. 70 years

other telemetry, remote control, remote into the 20th century, large scale

technology. The early radio technology integrated circuit appeared to promote

to promote the development of the conventional electronic circuit

electronic technology, most notably unit-specific electronic systems

electronic vacuum tube technology to development.

miconductor electronic technology. Now comes the embedded systems,and

The development of miconductor the Single-chip Microcomputer or MCU

technology lead to the production of is a typical. If you meet the massive

integrated circuit, forming the modern data-processing computer system known

electronic technology leap from discrete as general-purpo computer system,

electronics into the era of era of then the system can be the embedded

integrated circuits. Semiconductor

object (such as ships, aircraft, good, most of the chip has its

motorcycles, etc.) in a computer system compatibleFLASH program memory

called the embedded computer. chips. EMC SCM: Elan's products in

Embedded system is primarily a Taiwan, with much of the PIC 8-bit

computer system, followed by it being microcontroller compatible, and

embedded into the object system, compatible products, resources,

objects in the object system to achieve compared to the PIC's more, cheap,

required data collection, processing, there are many ries of options, but less

status display, the output control interference. ATMEL microcontroller

functions, as embedded in the object (MCU 51): ATMEl company's 8-bit

system, embedded system computer microcontroller with AT89, AT90 two

does not have an independent form and ries, AT89 ries is the 8-bit Flash

function of the computer. SCM is microcontroller 8051 is compatible with

entirely in accordance with the the static clock mode; AT90 RISC MCU

requirements of embedded system is to enhance the structure, all static

design, so SCM is the most typical methods of work, containing the line can

embedded systems. SCM is the early be Flash MCU programming, also

application of technical requirements in known AVR microcontroller. PHLIPIS

accordance with the design of embedded 51PLC Microcontroller (MCU 51):

computer chip integration, hence the PHILIPS company's MCU is bad on

name single chip. Subquently, the the 80C51 microcontroller core,

MCU embedded applications to meet the embedded power-down detection,

growing demands of its control simulation and on-chip RC oscillator

functions and peripheral interface and other functions, which makes

functions, in particular, highlight the 51LPC in highly integrated, low cost,

control function, so has international low power design to meet various

name the single chip microcontroller applications performance requirements.

(MCU, Microcontroller Unit). HOLTEK SCM: Sheng Yang, Taiwan

Semiconductor's single chip, cheap more

common single chip

STC microcontroller STC's mainly consumer products. TI company

bad on the 8051 microcontroller core microcontroller (MCU 51):

is a new generation of enhanced MCU, Texas Instruments MSP430

the instruction code is fully compatible provides the TMS370 and two ries of

with the traditional 8051, 8 to 12 times general-purpo microcontroller.

faster, with ADC, 4 Road, PWM, dual TMS370 MCU is the 8-bit CMOS MCU

rial ports, a global unique ID, with a variety of storage mode, a variety

encryption of good, strong of external interface mode, suitable for

anti-interference. PIC Microcontroller: real-time control of complex situations;

MICROCHIP's products is its prominent MSP430 MCU is a low power, high

feature is a small, low power functionality integrated 16-bit

consumption, reduced instruction t, low-power microcontroller, especially

interference, reliability, strong analog for applications that require low power

interface, the code of confidentiality is consumption occasions Taiwan Sonix's

categories, but less interference for

single, mostly 8-bit machines, some with required to asmble and test the circuit

PIC 8-bit microcontroller compatible, board). This trend leads to design.A

cheap, the system clock frequency may microcontroller is a single integrated

be more options there PMW ADC circuit, commonly with the following

internal noi filtering within the features:central processing unit - ranging

vibration. Shortcomings RAM space is from small and simple 4-bit processors

too small, better anti-interference. to sophisticated 32- or 64-bit processors

??input/output interfaces such as rial

ports (UARTs) ??other rial

3. Fundamentals of Single-chip

communications interfaces like I2C,

Microcomputers

In contrast to general-purpo CPUs, Serial Peripheral Interface and

microcontrollers do not have an address Controller Area Network for system

bus or a data bus, becau they integrate interconnect ??peripherals such as timers

all the RAM and non-volatile memory and watchdog ??RAM for data storage

on the same chip as the CPU. Becau ??ROM, EPROM, EEPROM or Flash

they need fewer pins, the chip can be memory for program storage ??clock

placed in a much smaller, cheaper generator - often an oscillator for a

ating the memory and quartz timing crystal, resonator or RC

other peripherals on a single chip and circuit ??many include analog-to-digital

testing them as a unit increas the cost converters. This integration drastically

of that chip, but often results in reduces the number of chips and the

decread net cost of the embedded amount of wiring and PCB space that

system as a whole. (Even if the cost of a would be needed to produce equivalent

CPU that has integrated peripherals is systems using parate chips and have

slightly more than the cost of a CPU + proved to be highly popular in

external peripherals, having fewer chips embedded systems since their

typically allows a smaller and cheaper introduction in the 1970s.??

circuit board, and reduces the labor

參考文獻：《自動化專業(yè)英語》王宏文 PART3 UINT4 Fundamentals of Single-chip

Microcomputer

胡壽松，等.自動控制原理[M].北京：科學出版社，2008

《51單片機入門與提高》 郭天祥

丁往道，等.英語寫作手冊[M].北京：外語教學與研究出版社，1994

《THE AUTOMATION》 The microcomputer