英語試題與答案

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I. Reading Comprehension

Passage One

If leadership, basically speaking, consists of getting things done through others,

then persuasion is one of the leader’s esntial tools. Many executives have assumed

that this tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic (有魅力的) and the

eloquent. Over the past veral decades, though, experimental psychologists have

learned which methods reliably lead people to compromi, disnt, or change. Their

rearch shows that persuasion is governed by veral principles that can be taught and

applied.

The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to

them than someone who is not. Wi managers, then, enlist peers to help make their

cas. Second, people are more willing to cooperate with tho who are like them as well

as tho who like them. So it’s worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer

genuine prai.

Third, experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way

you treat them. It’s sound policy to do a favor before eking one. Fourth, individuals are

more likely to keep promis they make voluntarily and explicitly. The message for

managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show that people really

do have respect for experts. So before they attempt to exert influence, executives should

take pains to establish their own experti and not assume that it’s lf-evident. Finally,

people want more of a commodity when it’s scarce; it follows, then, that exclusive

information is more persuasive than widely available data.

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1. Many executives think that ________.

A) they don’t have to acquire the skills of persuasion

B) they have mastered the skills of persuasion

C) it is impossible for them to handle persuasion

D) persuasion is of no u

2. The psychologists’ rearch shows that ________.

A) persuasion is beyond average people’s grasp

B) persuasion can be learned

C) people tend to ignore the importance of persuasion

D) people are born with the ability to persuade

3. According to the passage, people are less willing to work together with ________.

A) tho who are different from them

B) their relatives and friends

C) tho who like them

D) their classmates and teachers

4. The author warns the manager ________.

A) to have any promi made by others written down

B) not to break their promis

C) to make promis explicitly and willingly

D) to help people keep their promis

5. The executives can strengthen their position ________.

A) even if they don’t have any experti

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B) if they know something unknown to their subordinates

C) if they have more commodities

D) even if they don’t know how to persuade

Passage Two

Trade cretes cover everything that patents cover, and much more. A trade cret

is knowledge, which may include business knowledge or technical knowledge, that is

kept cret for the purpo of gaining an advantage in business over one’s competitors.

Customer lists, sources of supply of scarce material, or sources of supply with faster

delivery or lower prices may be trade crets. Certainly, cret process, formulas,

techniques, manufacturing know-how, advertising schemes, marketing programs, and

business plans are all protectable.

There is no standard of invention to meet as there is with a patent. If the idea is new

in this context, if it is cret with respect to this particular industry or product, then it can

be protected as a trade cret. Unlike patents, trademarks, and copyrights, there is no

formal procedure for obtaining trade cret protection. Protection is established by the

nature of the cret and the effort to keep it cret.

A trade cret is protected eternally against disclosure by all tho who have

received it in confidence and all who would obtain it by theft for as long as the

knowledge or information is kept cret. In contrast to patent protection, there are no

statutory (法定的) requirements for novelty or restrictions on the subject matter.

The disadvantage of trade crets compared with patents is that there is no

protection against discovery by fair means, such as accidental disclosure and

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independent inventions. Many important inventions, such as the lar and the airplane,

were developed more or less simultaneously by different persons. Trade cret

protection would not permit the first inventor to prevent the cond and subquent

inventors from exploiting the invention as a patent would.

6. Compared with patents, trade crets ________.

A) are easier to protect B) should meet certain standard of

invention

C) need statutory support D) cover a larger scope

7. ________ is a trade cret.

A) M in McDonald B) An employment contract

D) Formula C) A Manual of Volkswagon

8. The protection of ________ becomes effective without any formal procedure.

A) trade crets B) patents C) copyrights D) trademarks

9. A trade cret doesn’t have to be something ________.

A) novel B) unique C) complicated D) uful

10. Unlike patents, ________.

A) trade crets can be obtained by others illegally

II. Vocabulary and Structure

11. Even now, World Health Organization (WHO) specialists are not completely sure that

the coronavirus (冠狀病毒), which they have identified in patients, is the sole cau,

and there are many _____ features about the method of transmission.

A) intriguing B) shiny C) puzzling D) aggressive

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12. In the summer Jim and I have breakfast out on the _____.

A) avenue B) cabin C) open D) patio

13. The troops were in a(n) _____ position, completely expod to attack from the air.

A) remarkable B) grave C) vulnerable D) indispensable

14. He came back to the tent very late and _____ in as silently as he could.

A) crept B) skied C) fluttered D) wandered

15. All the paths across the park _____ at the main gate.

A) converge B) transform C) depart D) diverge

16. It is surprising such a criminal should _____ a great scholar.

A) pass for B) regard as C) single out D) boast as

17. This nation has defeated tyrants, _____ death camps and raid this lamp of liberty to

every captive land.

A) overen B) enforced C) liberated D) unsung

18. Be _____. Our country is strong. And our cau is even larger than our country. Ours

is the cau of human dignity: freedom guided by conscience, and guarded by

peace.

A) diligent B) prepared C) capable D) confident

19. That story has too many gaps in it to _____.

A) make n B) make it C) make like D) make over

20. The Bush administration says the tax cuts will give the U.S. economy and the world

economy a badly needed boost and the faster growth will help lower U.S. _____

deficits in the coming years.

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A) tariff B) statistics C) budget D) existence

21. The development and rearch of TMD (Threat Missile Defence System) does not

_____ the trend of the times.

A) result in B) go with C) stand up D) head for

22. Insurance companies blame rising medical bills for high _____ costs.

A) policy B) painful C) houhold D) guarantee

23. Adherence to the principle of one China is the basis and _____ for peaceful

reunification.

A) premi B) ttlement C) commitment D) arrangement

24. J.P Morgan Canada said the spread of the SARS virus could slash up to 1.5 _____

points off April-June growth in Canada.

A) percentage B) undergrowth C) commitment D) recovery

25. Recently I was visited by a very good friend who had just returned from a long walk

in the woods, and I asked her what she had obrved. “Nothing _____,” she replied.

A) as a result B) in particular C) on balance D) at that point

26. You’ve got something in your eye – try _____ your eyes a few times.

A) orbiting B) blinking C) spraying D) diverging

27. His persistent moaning about his personal problems has been really _____ me lately.

A) bugging B) enforcing C) transforming D) compelling

28. The factory workers all star working at 8: and _____ at 3:

A) head for B) take off C) clo in D) knock off

29. The U.S. Hou of Reprentatives pasd a bill this month making online gambling

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a federal crime. Critics of the industry say the crackdown is _____.

A) on a small scale B) at risk C) on the latch D) long overdue

30. The parents said they would on no account _____ in their only child the smallest

degree of arrogance.

A) authorize B) converge C) recommend D) adopt

III. Cloze (10%)

The expression “lame duck”, can be heard in almost any American town or city,

especially where people discuss politics. Most often, they u it to _31_ a politician who

has come to the end of his power – a Congressman, for example, who has a few more

weeks in office and will _32_ be out of a job.

There are a number of ideas _33_ where “lame duck” came from, _34_ the picture is

clear enough – a duck that has its wings clipped, or its web-feet injured, and can _35_

walk or waddle like a healthy one.

The term ems to have crept into the American language some time after the _36_

war of 1861-1865. One explanation is that it came from the language of hunters who felt

that it was foolish to _37_ powder or time on a dead duck. And a lame duck – even a

sitting duck – is clo to _38_ a dead duck. Another explanation, however, says that the

expression came _39_ England. There it was ud to describe a man who lost all his _40_

in stocks, was cleaned out and could not pay his debts. He could no nothing _41_ waddle

off like a lame duck. And – so the story goes – people showed _42_ mercy for the poor

fellow.

But in the United States people took the phra to describe a congressman who

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_43_ to get reelected but still had a little time left in office until his successor was sworn

in.

In time, the expression was ud in a broader _44_, generally describing any man

_45_ days of power were coming to an end. It has often been ud to describe the

position of an American president in the last two years or so of his cond _46_. It is a

difficult time for him, when Congress is ready to _47_ him at every turn.

It may refu to work with him simply becau his days in the White Hou are

numbered. _48_ sun is tting. It is not a happy time. It is like old age coming on. And

people, like animals, are cruel to lame ducks, ready to _49_ them out. Their eyes are

already turned toward the new leader, the new man in _50_.

31. A) promote B) judge C) reward D) describe

32. A) then B) also C) thus D) already

33. A) on to B) above C) to D) as to

34. A) for D) once B) since C) although

D) still C) of cour 35. A) usually B) no longer

D) country C) civil 36. A) national B) word

37. A) save B) waste C) utilize D) consume

38. A) be D) taming B) pretending C) being

39. A) to D) from B) out of C) across

40. A) money B) salary C) treasure D) property

41. A) el B) and C) but D) except

42. A) much B) little C) their D) some

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43. A) ud B) failed C) attempted D) was asked

44. A) n B) zones C) range D) respect

45. A) when C) of how D) who B) of which

46. A) term D) stage B) time C) substitute

47. A) identify D) oppo C) prefer B) lodge

48. A) His B) Their C) Its D) The

49. A) hold B) hint D) find C) drive

50. A) u D) preference B) command C) prejudice

g Comprehension

1-10 CBAAB DDAAA

II. Vocabulary and Structure

11-30

CDCAA ACDAC BAAAB BADDA

III. Cloze

31-50

DADCB CBCDA CBBAD ADACB

See the World

It is quite vital for university students to e the society. Having stayed in the ivory

tower for over ten years to learn a lot of theoretical knowledge from textbooks, the

students still feel bewildered as soon as they step out of the campus.

It is time they got to know the world outside the campus right now. fortunately, the

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society has offered them various opportunities to practice what they have learned in

school. They can learn to cooperate with others and to contribute their knowledge to the

society. One of my friends once managed to find a part-time job of tutoring a girl of 8.

Through this experience, he has learned how to deal with people and how to

dedicate his love to people who are in need of it. Conquently, he can always be ready

when confronted with a chance to know the world for he has really benefited a lot from

it.

Examination

Many arguments exist about the advantages and disadvantages of an exam. Some

students complain that their teachers have given them too many exams and they have

little spare time whereas teachers hold it true that some of their students do not work

hard only becau they do not have frequent examinations.

The examinations can show what and how much a student has mastered. It is fairly

evident that a teacher prefers to give his students a test after he has finished teaching

a unit. On the part of a teacher, he can find how well his students have grasped in the

unit learning. On the part of the students, they can learn what aspects they fail to master

and should pay more attention to later.

Therefore, examinations, if given at reasonable intervals, can benefit both the

teachers and the students. From examinations, teachers can figure out what points they

have misd in teaching and must work hard to improve and the students can also focus

their concentration on their weakness.

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Children’s Books

Different books are designed for different people. Picture books are usually for

babies and children. Love stories and novels are written mainly for young people. Books

with such purpos as health and medical care are welcome to old people.

Children are not suppod to read all kind of books. Owing to a rather limited

experience of the world, they are not old enough to tell good from bad or right from

wrong. It is not easy for children to resist the temptation to commit a x crime if they

are expod too often to the books with much description of x and violence.

Proper guidance is helpful to young people, especially to teenagers. Children who

receive proper instructions from parents and teachers about their spare time reading will

be most likely to live in harmony with neighbors and social values. Tho who are not

properly guided may possibly be puzzled and grow up to be troublemakers.

Who Should Have the Say?

It is quite common for the parents to make all the decisions for their child in China.

They choo schools for their child. They decide on the child’s clothing, timetable and

even company. After their child’s graduation, the parents tend to pick up a job, perhaps

a spou, to some extreme, for their child.

Having no say at home hinders a child from making way in the world. The parents

cannot stay with their child and make decisions on everything fro him all the time. The

parents having all say for their child will make him develop a passive and dependent

habit, which will do him more harm than good in their future career.

To learn to be independent is esntial for every child. After graduation, a child has

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to be faced with all the problems he may encounter, such as job-hunting. He will build

up a family of his own and has a baby. Therefore, giving advice to rather than making

decisions for the child is more realistic.

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