2003年考研英語真題及答案

2003年考研英語真題及答案

【篇一：2003年考研英語完形填空真題解析】

lass=txt>teachers need to be aware of the emotional,

intellectual, and physical changes

2. that young adults experience.

3. and they also need to

4. give rious 21 thought to

5. how they can be best 22 accommodate such changes.

6. growing bodies need movement and 23exerci ,

7. but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 但是不能只

注重比賽

8. 24 becau they are adjusting to their new bodies

9. and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional

challenges, 一大堆

10. teenagers are especially lf-conscious

11. and need the 25 confidence

12. that comes from achieving success

13. and knowing that their accomplishments

14. are 26 admired by others.

15. however, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with

so much competition

16. that it would be 27 to plan activities

17. in which there are more winners than lors, 因此安排一些

贏者多，輸者少的活動是很明智的

18. 28 for example ,

27. as well as for practice in successful 31 group dynamics. 為

成功的群體動力提供

練習

28. dynamics 力學，動力學

29. making friends is extremely important to teenagers,

30. and many shy students

31. need the 32 curity of some kind of organization 需要加入

某個組織以獲得安

全感

32. with a supportive adult 33 barely visible in the background

a) 需要有一位成人在只有后臺看到見的地方提供

支持

in the activities,

33. it is important to remember that the young teens

34. have 34 short attention spans. 注意力持續時間很短

35. a variety of activities should be organized

36. 35 so that participants can remain active as long as they

want 這樣參加活動的人就能想活動多久就活動多久

37. and then go on to 36something el然后就可以做一些其它

的事情

38. without feeling guilty

39. and without letting the other participants 37 down . 也不會

讓其它參與者失望

changes. growing bodies need movement and 23 , but not just

in ways that emphasize competition. 24 they are adjusting to

their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and

emotional challenges, teenagers are especially lf-conscious

and need the 25 that comes from achieving success and

knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others. however,

the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much

competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there

are more winners than lors, 28 , publishing newsletters with

many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and

sponsoring book discussion clubs. a variety of small clubs can

provide 30 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice

in successful 31 dynamics. making friends is extremely

important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32 of

some kind of organization with a supportive adult 33 visible in

the background.

in the activities, it is important to remember that the young

35.[a] if only[b] now that[c] so that[d] even if

36.[a] everything[b] anything[c] nothing[d] something

37.[a] off[b] down[c] out[d] alone

38.[a] on the contrary[c] on the whole[b] on the average[d] on

the other hand

39.[a] making[b] standing[c] planning[d] taking

40.[a] capability[b] responsibility[c] proficiency[d] efficiency

文章背景

這是一篇講述關于如何幫助青少年適應變化的社科類議論文。主要

介紹了老師需要了解青少年經歷的情感、智力和身體上的變化。他

們還需要認真思考他們如何才能夠最好地適應這些變化。成長中的

身體需要運動和鍛煉，但并不只是通過強調競爭的方法來鍛煉。因

為他們正在適應他們身體的新變化和許多新的智力和情感挑戰，青

少年特別敏感，他們需要信心，這種信心來自于取得成功并知道別

人羨慕他們的成就。

答案詳解

21. 【解析】[a] 語義辨析/ 固定搭配題。第二句中的and說明該句

是對上句的補充，be aware of 意識到，想到 與a項thought思考，

思想意思一致，而與b項idea 主意，觀點，想法，c項opinion意

見和d項advice 建議不相照應; 四個詞都可以和give連用，但是

idea 和opinion是可數名詞，前面需要不定冠詞an, 而give an

idea to和give an opinion to的對象都應是人。 d干擾性最大，容

易選錯，但是give advice to 的對象也應該是人，而要想與后面的

how從句銜接則必須使用介詞on,故不正確。

22.【解析】[b] 語義辨析題。根據原文的含義，教師應該關注的是

如何能夠使他們(young adults)很好地適應這些變化。此題的難點在

于對accommodate一詞詞義的理解，可能很多考生只了解它的第

一個意思提供住宿，而不熟悉另外兩個重要的意思是使滿意;使適應。

此題的選擇還有一個重要的線索，就是緊接著下文中的adjust to(適

應)，二者語義相近。

23.【解析】[c] 語義辨析題。本題目選擇名詞，在句子中充當賓語。

growing bodies need movement and, but not just in ways that

emphasize competition. 并列連詞and確定空格處的詞匯與

movement相似或者屬于同類事物;轉折詞but not指示方向，but

not just in ways that emphasize competition.確定要選擇的名詞

是一種運動競技項目。不難發現，四個選項中只有

c. exerci 表示練習，鍛煉，是一種競技運動。 因此，正確答案是

b. exerci 練習。

24.【解析】[d] 邏輯關系題。they are adjusting to their new

bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional

challenges, teenagers are especially lf?conscious and … 從

句they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of

new intellectual and emotional challenges,… 青少年正在適應新

的身體狀況、心智和情感方面的諸多挑戰;主句teenagers are

especially lf?conscious… 他們的自我意識強……。不難發現，

兩個句子是因果關系。因此，正確答案為d. becau。 句子

becauce they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole

host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers

are especially lf?conscious and …因為青少年正在適應新的身

體狀況、心智和情感方面的諸多挑戰,所以他們的自我意識強并

且……。

25.【解析】[c] 語義銜接題。本題目選擇名詞，后面的定語從句提

供信息選擇答案。順著上一題的線索：句子敘述到becau they

are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new

intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially

lf?conscious and need thethat comes from achieving

success and knowing。并列連詞and確定供選的詞匯與

lf?conscious并列，表示一種性格特征;定語從句that comes

from achieving success 取得成功所需要的……，限定該詞匯的性

質。他們所需要的是來自于取得成功被別人欽佩的信心。因此，正

確答案為c。

26.【解析】[b] 語義銜接題。本題目選擇動詞的過去分詞形式，在

句子中構成被動語態，充當謂語動詞。句子敘述到becau they

are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new

intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially

lf?conscious and need the confidence that comes from

achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments

areby others.因為他們正在調整自己以適應身體的變化和許多新的

智力上和情感上的挑戰，所以他們自我意識很強并且需要信心，這

種信心來自于他們所取得的成功以及他們的成就被別

人……。句子中的主語提供信息決定答案。順著上一題的線索，此

處關鍵在于accomplishments和什么動詞搭配。從上文已經推定此

處動詞的意思應為欽佩，崇拜，所以選d.

以選。

28.【解析】[c] 邏輯關系題。本題目選擇邏輯關系詞，體現前后的

邏輯關系。句子敘述到however, the typical teenage lifestyle is

already filled with so much competition that it would be wi to

plan activities in which there are more winners than

lors,publishing newsletters with many student?written book

reviews, ….空格后面列舉了幾個并列結構，不難發現該邏輯關系為

舉例列舉。選項前后是例證關系，后面列舉的行為均屬于用來具體

說明前面的activities, 形成照應關系。選項a. in effect 事實上;b.

as a result 結果是;c. for example 例如;d. in a n 從某種意義

上說。因此，正確答案為c. for example 例如。然而，典型的青少

年生活方式已經充滿了如此眾多的競爭，以至于組織一些勝者多敗

者少的活動是明智的，例如出版學生書寫的讀書筆記……。

29.【解析】[a] 邏輯關系/ 語義銜接題。本題目選擇動詞的動名詞形

式，在句子中充當謂語動詞。句子敘述到 however, the typical

teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that

it would be wi to plan activities in which there are more

winners than lors, for example, publishing newsletters with

many student?written book reviews,student artwork, and

sponsoring book discussion clubs. 解題時需看清句中平列的邏

輯關系，出版包括許多學生所作的書評的簡報，(展示)學生創作的藝

術品， 舉辦讀書座談俱樂部等。不難發現，選項a. displaying 展示，

展出，展出學生的藝術作品，符合語句含義，同時與出版學生書寫

的讀書筆記構成并列關系。因此，正確答案為a。

30.【解析】[d] 詞匯辨析題。該題目選擇形容詞，在句子中充當定

語。句子敘述到a variety of small clubs can

provideopportunities for leadership,… 各種各樣的小型俱樂部能

夠提供……的機會鍛煉孩子們的領導力。選擇形容詞，被修飾的名

詞提供信息。選項a. durable 耐用的;持久的;與opportunities不搭

配;b. excessive 過度的;c. surplus 過剩的;都有過分之義， 含有否

定的意思， 與文意不符。正確選項le多樣的與句子主語中

的variety相照應。

31.【解析】[a] 邏輯關系/ 語義銜接題。與上文相連，

opportunities后面兩個for說明提供的是什么樣的機會;由as well

as連接的介詞短語與前一個for引導介詞短語是并列關系， 譯為不

僅提供……機會而且提供……機會，前者leadership是個體能力，

后者則是指在成功的集體活動中得到鍛煉的機會，所以選a。

32.【解析】[d] 語義銜接題。本題存在一個意思上的相應關系， 即

the of organization與the support of adult對應，可以判斷d正

確。 本題目選擇名詞，在句子中充當賓語。句子敘述到making

friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy

students need theof some kind of organization… 交朋友對于年

輕人極其重要，并且許多靦腆的學生需要……的某種組織給予

的……，而且需要有一個成年人在幕后給予支持。選項a. connt

內容， 含量;滿意， 滿足b. insurance 保險，安全保障;c.

admission 承認，允許進入;d. curity 安全，安全感。

33.【解析】[b] 語義銜接題。with引導一個介詞復合結構作定語，

修飾organization， 其中支持他們的成人只能在背后出現， 這與

僅僅，剛好的意思一致。 making

【篇二：2003年考研英語翻譯真題解析】

furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the

environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life

forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.

句子分析：

第一、句子可以拆分為兩段：furthermore, humans have the

ability to modify the environment in which they live, / thus

subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and

fancies.

第二、句子的結構是：

1)這是個主句+分詞短語表示伴隨狀態的結構：humans have the

ability thus subjecting ...

2) the environment in which they live是先行詞+定語從句。

第三、詞的處理：

modify the environment in which they live 改變他們的生存環境

subjecting all other life forms to 讓所有其它形態的生命服從……

完整的譯文：

61)而且，人類還有能力改變自己的生存環境，從而使所有其它形態

的生命服從人類自己獨特的想法和想像。

考點總結：1)不定式短語做定語；2)介詞+定語從句；3)分詞短語表

示伴隨狀態。

62) social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which

eks to study humans and their endeavors in the same

reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that

natural scientists u for the study of natural phenomena.

句子分析：

第一、句子可以拆分為四段：social science is that branch of

intellectual enquiry / which eks to study humans and their

endeavors / in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and

dispassioned manner / that natural scientists u for the study

of natural phenomena.第二、句子的主干結構是：

主句+ which引導的定語從句+方式狀語(in the same reasoned,

orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner)+定語從句。

第三、詞的處理：

social science 社會科學

intellectual enquiry 知識探究

humans and their endeavors 人類及其行為

reasoned 理性的

orderly 有序的

systematic 系統的

dispassioned 冷靜的

natural phenomena 自然現象

完整的譯文：

62)社會科學是知識探索的一個分支，它力圖像自然科學家研究自然

現象那樣，用理性的、有序的、系統的和冷靜的方式研究人類及其

行為。

考點總結：1)定語從句；2)方式狀語；3)多重并列定語。

63) the emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a

cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures

1)主干結構是一個簡單句：, ,

makes this study a unique and distinctly important social

science.

2)主語后面帶有on data gathered first-hand是主語的定語，

combined with相當于and的意思，是對主語內容的補充，

perspective可以理解成主語的并列成分，brought to the analysis

of cultures past and prent是perspective的定語。其中past

and prent是cultures的定語。第三、詞的處理：

the emphasis翻譯時詞性轉換成動詞

data gathered first-hand搜集的第一手資料

combined with加上，(這個短語不影響主語的數的變化)

a cross-cultural perspective跨文化視角

this study這一研究

完整的譯文：

63)強調搜集第一手資料，加上在分析過去和現在的文化形態時采用

跨文化視角，使這一研究成為一門獨特并且非常重要的社會科學。

考點總結：1)帶有多重修飾成分的簡單句；2)過去分詞短語做定語；

3)復合賓語結構4)詞性轉換。

64) tylor defined culture as ... that complex whole which

includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other

capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of

society.

句子分析：

第一、句子可以拆分為三段：tylor defined culture as ... that

complex whole / which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom,

and any other capabilities and habits / acquired by man as a

member of society.第二、句子的結構是：

1)主干結構是：tylor defined culture as ...that

其中whole是“整體”的意思。后面是一個很長的定語從句，翻譯時

可以和先行詞拆開。

2)which引導的定語從句中有多重并列賓語，acquired by man as

a member of society是賓語的定語。第三、詞的處理：

tylor人名，按照音譯

defined culture as 將文化定義為

that complex whole 一個復合體

belief 信仰

morals 道德

man as a member of society 人作為社會成員

完整的譯文：

64)泰勒把文化定義為“一個復合體”，它包括人作為社會成員所獲得

的信仰、藝術、道德、法律、風俗以及其它能力和習慣。

考點總結：1)定語從句；2)過去分詞短語做定語；3)多重并列賓語。

65) thus, the anthropological concept of culture, like the

concept of t in mathematics, is an abstract concept which

makes possible immen amounts of concrete rearch and

understanding.

句子分析：

第一、句子可以拆分為四段：thus, the anthropological concept

of culture, like the concept of t in mathematics, / is an

abstract concept / which makes possible / immen amounts

of concrete rearch and understanding.

第二、句子的結構是：

1)主干結構是：主語+插入語(like the concept of) +系表結構(is an

abstract concept) + which引導的定語從句

2) immen amounts of concrete rearch and understanding

是動詞makes的賓語，possible是狀語前置。

第三、詞的處理：

the anthropological concept of culture,人類學的“文化”概念

the concept of t in mathematics數學中“集”的概念

an abstract concept抽象概念

immen amounts of concrete rearch大量的具體研究

完整的譯文：

65)因此，人類學中“文化”的概念就像數學中“集”的概念一樣，是一

個抽象概念。它使大量的具體研究和認識成為可能。

考點總結：1)表示比較的插入語；2)定語從句；3)復合賓語；4)狀語

前置。

【篇三：考研英語閱讀真題及詳細解析2003】

loved the internet. the american spymaster who built the office

of strategic rvices in the world war Ⅱ and later laid the roots

for the cia was fascinated with information. donovan believed

in using whatever tools came to hand in the great game of

espionage — spying as a profession. the days the net, which

has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books

and nding mail, is reshaping donovans vocation as well.

the latest revolution isnt simply a matter of gentlemen reading

other gentlemens e-mail. that kind of electronic spying has

been going on for decades. in the past three or four years, the

world wide web has given birth to a whole industry of point-

[b] exerting the greatest effort [c] achieving the greatest

success [d] enjoying the widest popularity

44. it can be learned from paragraph 4 that ________.[a]

straitfords prediction about ukraine has proved true [b]

straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information [c]

straitfords business is characterized by unpredictability [d]

straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information 45.

straitford is most proud of its ________.[a] official status [b]

nonconformist image [c] efficient staff [d] military background

重點詞匯：

更多地為貫徹落實而非戰略本身操心——這樣做更難。

spymaster ???????????? 即spy+master，間諜大王、間諜組織

首腦。

lay the roots for 扎根于。

strategic ????????????? （戰略的；對全局起關鍵作用的）為

strategy（戰略，策略）的形容詞形式，-ic為形容詞后綴。

strategy and tactics 戰略與戰術；a global strategy 全球戰略。

worry more about implementation than strategy — its harder to

do.

fascinate ?????????? （使著迷，強烈地吸引），去e加名詞后

綴-ion即為fascination（入迷；誘惑力），去e加形容詞后綴-ing

即為fascinating（迷人的），另可記fascism（法西斯主義），

fascist（法西斯主義的；法西斯主義者）。he was fascinated with

her beauty.他被她的美貌迷住了。fascism is a

religion; the twentieth century will be known in history as the

century of fascism.法西斯主義是一種宗教；

madly round xual questions.種種宗教都圍繞著兩性問題瘋狂地

打轉。

二十世紀將作為法西斯主義世紀而載入史冊。←據說這句話是墨索

里尼說的。 espionage

??????????????????????give birth to 分娩；產生；造成。he

gave birth to a brilliant idea.他想到一個絕妙的主意。

（間諜活動）即esp(i)+ion+age，espi即espy（窺

探←e-=ex-出來+spy窺探），-ion與-age皆名詞后

綴，表“活動”。

revolution ????????????? （革命；旋轉）是revolve（使旋轉）

的名詞形式，“旋轉”入“革命”的漩渦。revolve即re+volve，re-反

復，volve詞根

“卷”，于是“反復卷”→旋轉。the heart makes a

revolution, the head a reformation.感情造就革命，理

智形成改革。（←the head a reformation省略了

makes。另如培根的名句：reading makes a full man;

conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.閱

讀使人充實，討論使人機敏，寫作使人精確。）folds ud to be

willing to wait patiently for a slow-moving stage coach, but

now they kick like the dickens if they miss one revolution of a

revolving door.過去人們一

向樂于耐心等待慢吞吞的公共馬車，可現在若錯過

旋轉門的一次旋轉，他們就亂踢一氣。revolution — ①an

injustice that rves to replace as soon as possible

the injustice of yesterday by the injustice of tomorrow ②the

tting-up of a new order contradictory to the traditional one 革

命——①能夠促進盡快用明天的非正義取代昨天的非正義的一種非

正義 ②建立一種與傳統秩序相反的新秩序。religions revolve

spook ?????? （幽靈；間諜）可看作

sp(y)+o(o)+ok→“幽靈”級的“間諜”窺探(spy)只用

兩只眼睛(oo)就ok了。spook — something everyone

is afraid of and no one believes in 幽靈——人人害怕，卻沒人相

信的東西。

intelligence ????????????? （智力；情報）

即intel+lig+ence，intel-即inter-（前綴，意為“在……

之間”=between，因后接l，故r變形為l），lig詞根

意為“選擇”=lect（i與e元音可替換，ct=g←g就

是由一個大c與一個小t組成的），-ence名詞后

綴，故“從中挑選出所需之物的能力”→智力；“從

中挑選出來的東西”→情報。intelligent（聰明的）←intel+lig+ent

形容詞后綴；intelligible（可理解的，易懂的）←intel+lig+ible形

容詞后綴。intelligence —

perhaps only an instinct that is mistaken 智力——也

許僅僅是一種被弄錯的本能。intelligence is quickness in eing

things as they are.智慧就是迅速看出事物本來面目的能力。the

test of a first-rate intelligence is the ability to hold two oppod

ideas in

mind at the same time and still retain the ability to

function.檢驗一流智力的標準，就是在頭腦中同時存在兩種相反的

想法但仍保持行動能力。

influential ????????????? （有影響的；有權勢的）即

in+flu+ential，in-前綴意為“到里面”=into，flu詞根意為“流”=flow

（flu作單詞時意

為“流感”，即“流行性感冒”），-ential形容詞后綴，故“能流到心里

面的”→有影響的。名詞與動詞形式都是influence←in+flu+ence后

綴。that man is admired above all men, who is not influenced

by money.不為金錢所動的人是最受崇敬的。there is a boundary

to mens passions when they act from feelings; but none when

they are under the influence of imagination.當人們憑感覺行動時，

與激情尚隔一條界線，而受想象力驅動時則無此界線。

compile ????????? 即com+pile，com-前綴“一起”，pile堆，

故“把文字堆在一起”→編輯；“把資料堆在一起”→搜集。

compiler←compil(e)+er表“人”；compilation（編纂）

←compil(e)+ation名詞后綴表“行為”。

splash ?????? （n.v.濺）為擬聲詞。make a splash 炫耀財富；

diplomacy — the art of jumping into trouble without making a

splash.外交——縱身躍入

麻煩而不濺起水花的藝術。

prediction ??????????? （預言，預測）即

pre+dict+ion，pre-前綴表“在前”，dict詞根意為“說”，

-ion名詞后綴，故“在事情發生前就說的”→預言，動詞為

predict←pre+dict。

available ?????????? （可用的，可得到的）。opportunity is

available for everyone, but many of them didnt know they had

met with it.人人都能得到機會，但是許多人不知道自己遇到過它。

mutually

?????????????????????

（相互地）可看作mut(e)+ual+ly，mute（啞的），

-ual形容詞后綴，-ly副詞后綴，啞巴之間說話只能靠“相互地”交換

手勢，形容詞為mutual（相互的）。the proper basis for

marriage is a mutual misunderstandings.婚姻固有的基礎是相互

誤解。 reinforce ???????????? （增援，加強）即

re+inforce，re-前綴“再”=again，inforce即enforce（加強），

故“再次加強”→加強。reinforced concrete 鋼筋混凝土。

distribution ???????????????? （分發）

即dis+tribut+ion，dis-前綴“分離”=apart，tribut詞根

“給”，-ion名詞后綴，故“給出去”→分發。of great riches there

is no real u, except it be in the distribution.巨大的財富除了散

布，沒有真正的用途。

dramatic ?????????? （戲劇性的；引人注目

的；劇烈的）即drama+tic，drama戲劇、劇本，-tic

形容詞后綴，表“具……性質”。has anyone ever en a dramatic

critic in the daytime? of cour not. they come out after dark,

up to no good.有誰在白天見過

戲劇批評家嗎？當然沒有。他們天黑才露面，不做什么好事情。

take pride in 以……為驕傲。

emergence ??????????? （顯現）為emerge的名詞形式，

emerge即e+merge，e-=ex-，表“出來”，merge意為“結合，兼

并”，故“從兼并狀態中出來”→顯現。emergency（緊急情況，突然

事件）←e+merg(e)+ency名詞后綴。truth emerges more readily

from error than from confusion.在錯誤中比在

混亂中更容易出真理。coward is one who in a

perilous emergency thinks with his legs.懦夫就是在

危急時刻用兩條腿思考的人。

revive ???????? （v.恢復；復蘇）即re+vive，re-前綴“回”，

vive詞根“活的”，故“回到活的狀態”→復蘇。any great work of art

is great becau it creates a special world of its own. it revives

and readapts time and space.任何偉大的藝術品之所以偉大，是由

于它創造了自己特有的世界。它再現并重新改寫了時空。

nonconformist ??????????????? （不合傳統規范的；不合傳統

規范的人）即non-（前綴，“不”）+conform（遵守）+ist（“……

的”或“……的人”）。

難句解析：

①the american spymaster who built the office of

roots for the cia was fascinated with information. ▲本句的主干

結構是the american spymaster was fascinated with

information。spymaster的后邊是一個定語從句，定語從句里包含

由and連接的兩個并列句。

△本句一共出現了三個動詞，分別是built、laid和was fascinated。

應該注意體會它們的邏輯關系。本

句的謂語動詞是was fascinated，應該首先把它找出

來。built和laid處于并列關系，它們的主語是

spymaster。

②the days the net, which has already re-made such

everyday pastimes as buying books and nding mail, is

reshaping donovans vocation as well.

▲句子的主干是the net is reshaping donovans vocation。兩個

逗號之間是一個非限定性定語從句，用來補充說明the net。

△本句應該重點體會逗號在閱讀當中的一個用法。兩個逗號之間是

補充說明成分時，在閱讀過程中可