第二章國際收支BalanceofPayments

2023年12月9日發(作者：領導機關)

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第二章國際收支BalanceofPayments

Balance of payments ( BOP )

BOP The record of the economic and financial flows that take place over a specified time period between residents and

non-residents of a given country.

BOP reflects economic and financial flows which are the international transaction in goods, rvices and financial asts or

liabilities.

Resident is defined to include all economic units domiciled in the reporting country.

More than 1 year.

Subsidiaries located in local, foreign students studying in local

Non-resident not domiciled

Less than 1 year.

IMF, World Bank, United Nation, Foreign embassies, Military bas

Accounts of the Balance of Payments

Debit entry 借方 records a transaction that results in a domestic resident making a payment aboard ( paid foreign currency

)

Credit entry 貸方 receiving a payment form abroad

Double-entry bookkeeping two parate and offtting entries

CurrCurrent Acent Account

The current account ( CA ) is ud to mark the inflow and outflow of goods and rvices into a country.

Goods Trade ( BIGGEST BULK OF BOP)

Services Trade

Investment Income

Unilateral Transfer

Capital and Financial Account

KA are where all international capital transfer are recorded

Capital account now refer the acquisition or disposal of financial and non-financial asts and non-

produced asts which are needed for production but have not been produced, like a mine ud for the

extraction of diamonds.

Financial account records the net value of flo of financial asts and similar claims.

Direct investment ( between affiliated enterpris, 為了所有權)

Portfolio investment ( 為了賣掉盈利 )Other investmentNet errors an omissionsOfficial Rerves AccountOfficial rerves are financial asts that could be ud to ttle international debts and e transactionInterpratation of BOPCA + KA > 0 BOP surplusBasic balance = CA + KABOP surplus a country can make more foreign currencies than spend them or the country’s income from the rest of theworld exceeds its payments to the rest of the balance measures a country’s merchandi exports and surplus means that the country as a whole is increasing its stock of claims on the rest of the surplus implies that the country has a net capital inflows.1. Has CA deficit, and it has to borrow from abroad to finance its current consumption.2. Foreign think the country’s economic environment is good for e of international indebtedness , a record of the international investment position on the country financial creditor debtorCA and the macroeconomicsCA = IfCA = If = S - IdCA = Y - ( C + Id + G ) = Y - ECA and KACA = If = S - Id - ( G - T )

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