八年級英語下冊Unit6EnjoyingCycling詞匯精講精練2新版仁愛版4 (2

2024年2月29日發(作者：c站是什么)

Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling

詞匯精講精練

句式精講

1. It’s too far to cycle.

too…to…意為“太……而不能”。它在結構形式上是肯定的，但意義上卻表示否定含義，所以動詞不定式符號to前不能再加not，只接動詞原形即可，too后接形容詞或副詞原形。例如：

The book is too difficult to understand. 這本書難于理解。

【拓展】

（1）在too…to…句型中，當動詞不定式的動詞是不及物動詞，其后所跟的介詞不能省略。例如：

The room is too small to live in. 這房間太小了不能住。

（2）在too…to…句型中，當動詞不定式的賓語實際上就是這個句子的主語時，動詞不定式后面不能再加代詞作賓語。例如：

The question is too difficult to answer. 這個問題太難了，無法回答。

（3）在too…to…句型中，當動詞不定式能確切說明動作執行者時，可以在動詞不定式前面加上邏輯主語，即for sb.形式。例如：

The box is too heavy for him to carry. 箱子太沉了，他搬不動。

（4）含too…to…的句子可以改寫成so…that…句型，意為“如此……以至于……”。例如：

He is too old to do hard work. =He is so old that he can’t do hard work.

他年紀太大而不能干重活。

（5）含too…to…的句子也可以用“not + 形容詞/副詞 + enough to do sth.”句型來替換，但注意要用原句中形容詞或副詞的反義詞。例如：

He is too old to do hard work. =He is not young enough to do hard work.

他年紀大了，不能做重活。

2. I have some exciting news to tell you.

to tell you由to+動詞原形構成的動詞不定式，在句子中作定語，放在所修飾的名詞之后。例如：

Do you know the best way to learn English well?

你知道學好英語的最佳方法嗎？

【注意】

動詞不定式作定語時，總是后置，不定式與其所修飾的詞構成邏輯上的動賓關系，而該不定式為不及物動詞時，其后須加上適當的介詞，構成及物動詞短語。 例如：

I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一間屋子住。

I need a piece of paper to write on. 我需要一張寫字用的紙。

【拓展】

不定式還有以下用法：

（1）作主語。例如：

To e is to believe. 眼見為實。

（2）作賓語。這樣的動詞有：want; hope; ask; decide等。例如：

I want to be a football player. 我想成為一名足球運動員。

（3）作賓語補足語。這樣的動詞有：ask; teach; want; tell; allow等。例如：

He asked me to come here in time. 他叫我及時到達這里。

（4）作表語。例如：

My wish is to become a famous pianist.

我的愿望就是成為一名著名的鋼琴家。

3. Why don’t we go out for the day?

“Why don’t +主語（名詞或代詞）+動詞原形+其他？”相當于“Why not+動詞原形+其他？”并不表示疑問，而是征求意見和提出建議。例如：

Why don’t you go swimming? = Why not go swimming? 為什么不去游泳呢？

— Why not play football with us? 為什么不和我們去踢足球呢？

— That sounds like a good idea. 這是個好主意。

4. While Jane was singing, I was reading a book.

while 作連詞，意為“當……時候”，引導時間狀語從句，并且是主句和從句動作同時發生，從句中的動詞必須是延續性動詞或表狀態，且常用進行時態。例如：

He came in while I was watching TV. 當我在看電視時，他進來了。

【拓展】

while; when與as的辨析：

（1）while強調動作同時進行，從句常用進行時，其動詞必須為延續性動詞或表狀態。例如：

He was watching TV while she was cooking.

她做飯時，他在看電視。

（2）when既可指動作同時進行，也可指先后發生，從句中的動作既可是延續性動詞，也可是非延續性動詞。若是同時發生且為延續性動詞，則可與while互換；若when作并列連詞，表示“就在那時，這時候”則只能用when，并且when引導的從句只能放在后面。例如：

When the alien got out, the girl was shopping. = While the girl was shopping, the alien got

out.

當外星人出來時，小女孩在購物。

We were watching TV when there was a knock at the door.

我們在看電視，這時有人敲門。

（3）as多指主句從句兩動作同時發生，常翻譯為“一邊……一邊……”。例如：

They talked as they walked. 他們邊走邊談。

5. Bicycle riding is good exerci.

bicycle riding為動名詞短語，在句子中做主語。動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數形式。例如：

Swimming is good for our health. 游泳對我們的健康有益。

【拓展】

動名詞和不定式都可以作主語，但在用法上有區別：

（1）不定式作主語通常表示一次性、未來的且具體的特指動作，而動名詞作主語通常表示習慣性、經常性和不具體的泛指動作。例如：

Walking is a good form of exerci for both the young and the old.

步行對年輕人和老年人來說都是一種好的鍛煉形式。

To carry the heavy box is not easy for the boy.

對這個男孩來說，搬這個箱子是不容易的。

（2）動名詞作主語和不定式作主語有時可以互換。例如：

Playing with fire is dangerous. = To play with fire is dangerous. 玩火是危險的。

6. If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents.

if做連詞，意為“如果”。本句是含有if引導的條件狀語從句的復合句，要注意：if 條件狀語從句中，主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現在時表示將來。遵循“主將從現”原則。另外，主句也可以用祈使句或含有情態動詞的句子。例如：

We will go to the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.

如果明天不下雨，我們就去公園。

Don’t wait for me if I am late.

如果我晚了就不要等我。

If you want to lo weight, you must eat less bread.

如果你想減肥，你必須少吃面包。

7. We should never ride too fast.

should作情態動詞，意為“應當，應該”。表示義務、責任，可用于各種人稱，無人稱和數的變化，也不能單獨作謂語，只能和動詞一起構成謂語，表示說話人的語氣和情態；否定形式為should not，縮寫為shouldn’t。其主要用法有：

（1）表示責任和義務，意為“應該”。例如：

You should take your teacher’s advice.

你應該聽從你老師的建議。

You shouldn’t be late for class.

你不應該上課遲到。

（2）表示推斷，意為“可能，該”。例如：

The train should have already left.

火車可能已經離開了。

句式精練

I. 補全對話。

根據下面的對話情景，在每個空白處填上一個適當的句子，使對話的意思連貫、完整。

A: Hello! May I speak to Rita?

B: This is Rita. 1. _________________________?

A: Hi, Rita. This is Candy. Would you like to go to Xian ping Park(咸平公園）tomorrow?

B: Great! I’d like to. What time shall we start?

A: 2. _________________________?

B: All right, 8 o’clock is fine. Oh, 3. _________________________?

A: It will be sunny. So plea bring your sunglass. By the way, do you have Jack’s telephone

number? He’ll go with us.

B: 4. _________________________. I’ll call him later. But where shall we meet together

tomorrow?

A: At our school gate.

B: OK. 5. _________________________?

A: We can take NO. 2 bus to there.

B: See you tomorrow.

A: See you.

II. 句型轉換，每空一詞。

1. Why don’t you go to school earlier?(改為同義句)

____ ____ go to school earlier?

2. Get up early, or you will be late.(改為同義句)

____ ____ ____ get up early, you ____ be late.

3. Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.(改為同義句)

Shanghai is ____ ____ ____ in China.

4. The train ticket cost him ￥120. (對劃線部分提問)

____ ____ ____ the train ticket ____ ____?

5. It often takes about 16 hours to go from Beijing to Shanghai by train. (對劃線部分提問)

____ ____ ____ it often ____ to go from Beijing to Shanghai by train?

6. Tony doesn’t know which book he should choo. (改為同義句)

Tony doesn’t know which book ____ ____.

7. I would like to come to China for my vacation. (改為一般疑問句)

____ ____ like to come to China for ____ vacation.

8. It’s very hard to work out the math problem.(同義句)

_____ _____ _____ the math problem is very hard.

9. Tom gets a letter from his father every month. (改為同義句)

Tom ____ ____ his father every month.

10. Lucy will give a phone call to her friend. Lucy will get off the plane. (用as soon as合并為一

句)

Lucy will give a phone call to her friend ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____.

III. 根據漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。

1. 你收到李偉的來信了嗎？

Did you _______ ________ Li Wei?

2. 他們在盼望著游覽北京。

They are _______ _______ _______ _______ Beijing.

3. 我想只有Peter能想出這些奇怪的主意。

I think only Peter can _______ ________ the strange ideas.

4. Jane 經常在星期天幫她媽媽打掃房間。

Jane often ______ her mother ______ the room.

5. Michael建議我們籌錢。

Michael ______ us ________ _______ _______.

6. 看！康康正在看電視而明明正忙著做作業。

Look！Kangkang TV while Mingming is busy his homework.

7. 你能幫我們做個參觀長城的計劃嗎？

Would you help us to visit the Great Wall?

8. 我很高興收到你的明信片。

I’m to your postcard.

9. 走路大約需要兩個半小時。

It’s about ________ ________on foot.

10. 那個男孩看起來不同意媽媽的意見。

The boy emed to his mother.

參考答案

I. 補全對話。

1. Who is that (speaking)?

2. What/How about 8 o’clock?

3. How will the weather be tomorrow?

4. Yes, I do.

5. How can we get there?

II. 句型轉換, 每空一詞。

1. Why not you don’t; will 3. the largest city much did; cost him

5. How long does; take 6. to choo 7. Would you; your 8. To work out

9. hears from 10. as soon as she gets off the plane

III. 根據漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。

from g forward to visiting of ; clean

d to rai money 6. is watching; doing 7. make a plan

8. glad/ happy; receive 9. two and a half hours / two hours and a half 10. disagree withUnit

7 Food Festival

詞句精講精練

句式精講

1. As a result, a bad man killed him.

as a result為習慣用語，意為“因此；結果”。例如：

He defeated all competitors and won the scholarship as a result。

他擊敗了所有的競爭者，最終贏得了獎學金。

The traffic was very heavy and as a result we didn’t arrive on time.

交通十分擁擠，因此我們沒能準時到達。

【拓展】

as a result of 意為“由于”。例如：

He was late as a result of the snow.

由于大雪他遲到了。

Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness.

久病使她的心臟受到一些損傷。

2. Young people like us raid most of the money.

like作介詞,意為“像……，和……一樣”。例如：

She looks like her mother. 她看起來像她的媽媽。

We don’t need a man like him. 我們不需要像他這樣的人。

【拓展】

like是一個使用頻率較高的詞,它既可作動詞,又能作介詞。like作動詞，用法如下：

（1）作及物動詞,意為“喜歡”, 后接名詞或代詞,表示對某一事物的興趣或愛好。例如：

I like fish and vegetables very much. 我喜歡（吃）魚和蔬菜。

Jack doesn’t like his work. 杰克不喜歡他的工作。

(2) 常與would, should連用,表示“想要、愿意、希望”,語氣較為客氣委婉。例如：

Would you like something to drink? 你想要喝點什么嗎?

（3）like后接動詞不定式作賓語,表示喜歡某項特定的或具體的活動, 后也可跟動詞的-ing形式作賓語,常表示一般性的行為愛好。例如：

Do you like to play basketball? 你喜歡去玩籃球嗎？

They like playing games. 他們喜歡玩游戲。

3. I will turn to our teachers.

turn to這里意為“求助”。例如：

The child turned to his mother for comfort.

那孩子向母親尋求安慰。

【拓展】

(1) take turns to do, take turns at doing 或do by turns都表示“輪流做某事”。It’s one’s turn

表示“輪到某人做某事”。例如：

We take turns to make/at making dinner.

=We make dinner by turns. 我們輪流做晚飯。

It’s your turn to recite the passage. 輪到你背誦這篇課文了。

(2) turn的常用短語：

turn down 關小(音量等)；拒絕

turn off 關掉(（煤氣、水、電、收音機、電視機等電器、水龍頭等)

turn on 打開(電器、煤氣等)

turn up 調大(音量等)；出現，出席

4. I will think about how to hold the food festival.

how to hold the food festival是“疑問詞+不定式”結構，作動詞think about的賓語。疑問代詞who, what,

which等和疑問副詞when, where, how等后面跟不定式，這種結構在句中可作主語、賓語、表語、賓語的補語，狀語，同位語等句子成分。注意：疑問副詞why后不能跟動詞不定式。例如：

Where to go is still a question. 到哪里去還是個問題。（作主語）

Choosing what to eat is no longer as easy as it once was.（作賓語）

選擇吃什么,已經不像以前那么簡單了。

The question is how to learn English well. （作表語）

問題是怎樣學好英語。

【注意】

“特殊疑問詞＋動詞不定式”結構經常用在某些動詞后作賓語，類似的動詞有：tell, show, know, learn,

teach, find out, forget, wonder, remember等。例如：

I’ll show you how to do it. 我要讓你看看如何做這件事。,

You’d better find out where to put it.

你最好弄清楚要把它放在哪里。

5. Let’s try our best to make it a success.

(1) make用作及物動詞，后接復合賓語，表示“使……成為……；使成為……”時，通常由形容詞、名詞、介詞短語充當賓語補足語。例如：

Loud music makes me uncomfortable. 吵鬧的音樂使我不舒服。

The teacher tried his best to make himlf a good friend of his pupils.

那位老師盡力使自己成為學生的好朋友。

（2）make用作及物動詞，意為“使；讓”，在主動語態中其后要跟省略to的不定式作賓語補足語，而在被動語態中，to不能省去。例如：

Don’t make the baby cry anymore. 不要再讓那個孩子哭了。

She was made to wait for over an hour. 她被迫等了一個多鐘頭。

【拓展】

類似于make這種用法的動詞還有let, have, hear, e, watch, notice, feel等。例如：

I saw him put the key into the keyhole, turn it and open the door.

我看見他把鑰匙插進鎖孔，轉動鑰匙，然后打開了門。

She was en to go into the classroom.

有人看見她進了教室。

6. I was so angry that I decided to help them.

decide是動詞，意為“決定，選定”。名詞為decision。

(1) decide sth.意為“決定某事”。 例如：

I can’t decide anything at the moment. 現在我不能做出任何決定。

(2) decide to do sth.意為“決定做某事”。 例如：

We decide to go to Paris next month. 我們決定下個月去巴黎。

(3) decide on…意為“由……決定；決定于……”。后面接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。例如：

I decided on going to Beijing at last. 最后我決定去北京了。

My mother decided on the red dress. 我媽媽決定買下那件紅色的裙子。

句式精練

I. 按要求完成下列句子。

1. He is from Nigeria. I know. (改為復合句)

I know _______ _______ _______ _______.

2. I turn to my math teacher. (改為同義句)

I _______ my math teacher for help.

3. I think he can make a chee pie. (改為否定句)

I _______ _______ he_______ make a chee pie.

4. Will you plea come here early next time? (改為否定句)

Will you plea _______ _______ here early next time?

5. He gets up early. He wants to finish the work first. (合并成一句)

He gets up early _______ _______ _______ finish the work first.

6. Kangkang’s computer doesn’t work. (對劃線部分提問)

______ ______ ______ with Kangkang’s computer?

7. Tom enjoyed himlf in the zoo last Sunday.( 改為同義句)

Tom ______ ______ ______ ______ in the zoo last Sunday.

8. What other things can you e in the classroom? (改為同義句)

______ ______ can you e in the classroom?

9. What snack do you like best?（改為同義句）

______ ______ your snack?

10. You mustn’t take more food than you need. (改為祈使句)

______ ______more food than you need.

II. 根據漢語提示完成句子，注意副詞比較級和最高級的應用。

1.下次爭取干好一點。

Try to ________ _______next time.

2. 他遲早會回來的。

He’ll come back________ ________ ________.

3. 在三個當中她跳得最高的。

She jumps________ ________ ________ ________.

4. 他在班里唱得最好。

He _______ ________ _______in the class.

5.你能稍稍快點來嗎？

Can you come over ________ _______ _______quickly?

6. 我做的不如我應做的那么好。

I didn’t do _______ ________ ________ I should.

III. 根據漢語意思完成下列句子。

1.在日本有響聲地喝湯和吃完所有的米飯是禮貌的。

It’s polite to________ soup noisily and finish ________ the rice in Japan.

2.在法國就餐時吸煙是不禮貌的。

It’s impolite _________ _________ during a meal in France.

3.請你們隨便喝點湯。

Plea _________ _________to some soup.

4. 你最喜愛的快餐是什么？

What’s your _________ _________ ?

5. 我會盡量不讓你久等。

I’ll try not to_________ _________ ________ .

6. 他將盡全力努力學習為了能趕上他的同學。

He’ll try his best to work hard ________

________he can catch up with his classmates.

7.老師告訴過我，地球是圓的。

The teacher told me (that) ________ ________ ________ ________.

8.我可以邀請你和我一起組織這次美食節嗎？

May I invite you _______ _______ _______ _______ ______ with me ?

9. 她是一個漂亮的女孩，而且對人也友好。

She is a beautiful girl .________ ________, she is friendly to us.

10. 學校提供孩子們書籍。

The school ________ ________ ________ the children.

IV. 補全對話。

從題后方框中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項（有兩項多余選項）。

A. It’s good to stay at home for you.

B. After the meal, don’t leave at once.

C. Could you give me a hand?

D. What rules do they have in America?

E. But I’m a bit nervous.

F. You’re suppod to leave before the meal.

G. It’s impolite to arrive late.

A: You must be really excited about leaving for America tomorrow, Li Ping!

B: Yeah. 1.__________________

A: Nervous about what?

B: I don’t know many of the customs and manners in the USA. 2.__________________

A: Sure.

B: 3.__________________

A: Well, it’s important to be on time when you’re invited for dinner. 4.__________________

Americans expect their guests to be on time.

B: Then how long may I stay there?

A: 5.__________________ or you em to have come only for the meal. When your friends em

to be getting tired and running out of things, it’s time to leave. The next day, call or

write a thank-you note to say how much you enjoyed the evening.

1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________

參考答案

I. 按要求完成下列句子。

1. he is from Nigeria 2. ask 3. don’t think; can

4. not come 5. in order to 6. What’s the matter/What is wrong

7. had a good/nice/wonderful/ time

8. What el 9. What is, favorite ’t

take .

II.根據漢語提示完成句子，注意副詞比較級和最高級的應用。

1. do better 2. sooner or later 3. highest of the three

4. sings (the) best 5. a bit/little more 6. as(so) well as

III. 根據漢語意思完成下列句子。

1. eat /have, all 2. to smoke 3. help yourlves

4. favorite snack 5. keep you waiting 6. so that

7. the earth is round 8. to organize the Food Festival

9. What’s more 10. supplies books for/to

IV. 補全對話。

1. E 2. C 3. D 4. G 5. B