womanism與feminism的區(qū)別

2024年3月26日發(fā)(作者：總結(jié)的拼音)

Womanism

Womanism is a social theory deeply rooted in the racial and gender

oppression of Black women. It extends past the problems by attempting to end

oppression not just for women of color, but for all of humankind. The lf-

authored spirit of activism, spirituality, and the women's relationship with herlf,

other women, and nature compris an esntial part of the ideology. The

term

womanism

was first ud by author, Alice Walker in her 1979 short story,

"Coming Apart", in which Walker describes the protagonist of the story as a

womanist. Although Walker is given credit for the term, there were other

contributors to Womanism that developed their womanist theories independently

of Walker's Womanism.

Author and poet Alice Walker is credited with coining the term womanist.

Womanist has come to reprent a feminist of color, since the feminism movement

has been experienced by many as intrinsically racist, asrts Linda Hogan. While

feminism can be alienating to minorities, womanism allows black women to affirm

and celebrate their color and culture in a way that feminism does not.

Origins of the movement

A need for the theology aro during the early Feminist Movement, led by

middle- class white women advocating for social change in the form of women's

suffrage. While the Feminist Movement focud on ending gender bad

oppression it largely ignored race and class bad oppression. Womanism has

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been in existence now for well over thirty years. The height of this academic

discour occurred during the late 1980s when scholars such as Cleenora Hudson-

Weems and Chikwenye Okonjo Ogunyemi began to share their findings with the

world. During this time, womanism as a theology was embraced, debated, and

dismisd by academics. The 1990s prented a new kind of challenge with the

proliferation of Black feminism within women's studies. Womanism may have

fallen beneath the radar of the public eye, but academic discour continued and

scholars continued to contribute to and explore their discipline. By the early 2000s,

womanism resurfaced as a unique perspective. This was further cemented by the

publication of

The Womanist Reader

in 2006, which was a collection of womanist

essays and critiques.

Feminism

Feminism is a collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining,

establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights for

women. This includes eking to establish equal opportunities for women in

education and employment. A feminist advocates or supports the rights and

equality of women.

Feminist theory, which emerged from the feminist movements, aims to

understand the nature of gender inequality by examining women's social roles and

lived experience; it has developed theories in a variety of disciplines in order to

respond to issues such as the social construction of x and gender. Some of the

earlier forms of feminism have been criticized for taking into account only white,

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middle-class, educated perspectives. This led to the creation of ethnically specific

or multiculturalist forms of feminism.

Feminist activists campaign for women's rights – such as in contract law,

property, and voting – while also promoting bodily integrity, autonomy,

and reproductive rights for women. Feminist campaigns have changed societies,

particularly in the West, by achieving women's suffrage,gender neutrality in

English, equal pay for women, reproductive rights for women (including access

to contraceptives and abortion), and the right to enter into contracts and own

property. Feminists have worked to protect women and girls from domestic

violence, xual harassment, and xual assault. They have also advocated for

workplace rights, including maternity leave, and against forms ofdiscrimination

against women. Feminism is mainly focud on women's issues, but becau

feminism eks gender equality, bell hooksand other feminists have argued

that men's liberation is a necessary part of feminism, and that men are also

harmed by xism and gender roles.

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