英漢互譯題型專題探究

題型專題探究--------------

翻譯語篇

1命題趨勢

1．“翻譯”是用一種語言把另一種語言所表達的思想內容、感情、風格等忠實地重新表

現出來。要求考生掌握各種句式、短語及習慣表達法的運用，正確運用兩種語態和八種時

態。

2．中考對翻譯句子的考查重點是：（1）常見句型的結構及固定搭配；（2）常見短語

的用法及習慣表達方式；（3）重要語法規則及其運用；（4）英、漢兩種語言在表達方面的

異同。

3．考查的方式主要有：2個中譯英（簡單句），3個英譯中（含復合句）。

2題型解法

中譯英5步法：

Step1 覽全文--- 明確中心大意、體裁、時態、考點

Step2 找主干--- 判斷句子結構、搭好句型框架

Step3 定時態--- 定好時態語態，注意前后呼應

Step4 添枝葉--- 完成句子主干、添上修飾成分（定語/狀語/補語）

Step5 重差異--- 了解文化差異、避免漢語思維

英譯中策略：

1 一般為直譯

2 注意事項：

【例】 （2013湖南長沙中考）

(2013長沙)翻譯語篇 閱讀下面的短文

Australia is the greatest island in the world. 71.澳大利亞比中國小一點.Australia is big, but there

are fewer people there. The population(人口) of Australia is smaller than that of Shanghai, a city

of China.

lia is in the south of the earth. So when it is hot summer in our country, Australia will be

cold winter. The asons in Australia and in China are just opposite(相反的). Summer in Australia

is from December to February, and winter is from July to August. it’s spring in China, it

will be autumn in Australia.

74.澳大利亞因綿羊和袋鼠而著名. They are both popular in Australia.

can e kangaroos(袋鼠) not only in zoos but also outside the cities and towns. There are

ten sheep for everyone in the country. So people call Australia “The country on the backs of

sheep”. After a short drive from any town, you will find yourlf in the middle of white sheep.

Sheep, sheep, sheep, sheep are everywhere.

Have you en a kangaroo? It has a “bag” on its body. The mother kangaroo keeps its baby

kangaroos in the “bag”. It’s very strange, isn’t it?

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(2014長沙樣卷)翻譯語篇 閱讀下面的短文

In China many people love to live an easy life. They do not want to hurry themlves. 66但是在

美國，大部分人都盡力去節省時間。

In many families, both the husband and wife work full-time(全職地)，so their free time is very

important to them. They look for quick and convenient方便 ways to do their shopping and other

things that they want to do.

Many years ago, people go to just one place. They can buy fruit, bread, meat, fresh vegetables,

foods and beer at the nearby supermarket.67. They can also buy things for their hous,such as

plates,irons and other can even buy socks, shoes,clothes and sunglass at

supermarkets.

68 When Americans eat out, they often go to fast-food restaurants. Breakfast, lunch and dinner are

always ready there. People buy their meals at the counters柜臺 and wait for their food just a few

conds or minutes. Then they can carry the food to a table, eat it, and throw their trash away.69.

在快餐店吃飯，大概花20分鐘就能吃完。

70 You can e that supermarkets and fast-food reataurants are very important to people in the

United States. They are quick and convenient to people in the United States. They are quick and

convenient, and that’s what people want when they are always looking for ways to save time.

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