法律英語常用詞匯大全

2023年12月28日發(作者：穿越峽谷)

法律英語常用詞匯大全

一、 律師部分

案件受理費 court acceptance fee

案情重大、復雜 important and complicated ca

案由 cau of action

案子 ca

包攬訴訟 monopolize lawsuits

被告 defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accud (用于刑事案件)

被上訴人 appellee

被訴人 respondent; defendant

本案律師 councel pro hac vice

本地律師 local counl

畢業證 diploma; graduation certificate

辯護詞 defen; pleadings

辯護律師 defen lawyer

辯護要點 point of defen

辯護意見 submission

財產租賃 property tenancy

裁定書 order; ruling; determination（指終審裁定）

裁決書 award（用于仲裁）

裁決書 verdict（用于陪審團）

采信的證據 admitted evidence; established evidence

草擬股權轉讓協議 drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests

查閱法條 source legal provisions

產權轉讓 conveyancing

出差 go on errand; go on a business trip

出國深造 further study abroad

出具律師意見書 providing legal opinion

出示的證據 exhibit

出庭 appear in court

傳票 summons; subpoena

答辯狀 answer; reply

代理詞 reprentation

代理房地產買賣與轉讓 agency for sale and transfer of real estate

代理公證、商標、專利、版權、房地產、工商登記 agency for notarization,

trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and

incorporations

代理仲裁 agency for arbitration

代寫文書 drafting of legal instruments

待決案件 pending ca

當事人陳述 statement of the parties

第三人 third party

吊銷執業證 revocation of lawyer licen

調查筆錄 investigative record

調查取證 investigation and gathering for evidence

調解 mediation

調解書 mediation

二審案件 ca of trial of cond instance

發送電子郵件 nd e-mail

法律顧問 legal consultants

法律意見書 legal opinions

法律援助 legal aid

法律咨詢 legal counling

法庭 division; tribunal

法學博士學位 LL.D (Doctor of Laws)

法學會 law society

法學課程 legal cours

法學碩士學位 LL.M (Master of Laws)

法學系 faculty of law; department of law

法學學士學位 LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)

J.D ( juris doctor縮寫，美國法學學士)

法學院 law school

法院公告 court announcement

反訴狀 counterclaim

房地產律師 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer

非合伙律師 associate lawyer

非訴訟業務 non-litigation practice

高級合伙人 nior partner

高級律師 nior lawyer

各類協議和合同 agreements and contracts

公安局 Public Security Bureau

公司上市 company listing

公訴案件 public-procuting ca

公證書 notarial certificate

國辦律師事務所 state-run law office

國際貿易 international trade

國際訴訟 international litigation

國內訴訟 domestic litigation

合伙律師 partner lawyer

合伙制律師事務所 law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice

合同審查、草擬、修改 contract review, drafting and revision

會見當事人 interview a client

會見犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect

兼職律師 part-time lawyer

監獄 prison; jail

鑒定結論 expert conclusion

繳納會費 membership dues

舉證責任 burden of proof; onus probandi

決定書 decision

勘驗筆錄 record of request

看守所 detention hou

抗訴書 protest

控告人 accur; complainant

跨國訴訟 transnational litigation

勞動爭議 labor disputes

勞動爭議仲裁委員會 arbitration committee for labor disputes

勞改場 reform-through-labor farm; prison farm

利害關系人 interested party; party in interest

律管處處長 director of lawyer control department

律師 lawyer attorney; attorney at law

律師懲戒 lawyer discipline

律師法 Lawyer Law

律師費 lawyer fee

律師函 lawyer’s letter

律師見證 lawyer attestation/authentication

律師見證書 lawyer certification/authentication/witness

律師卷宗 lawyer’s docile; file

律師刊物 lawyer’s journal

律師聯系電話 contact phone number of a lawyer

律師事務所 law office; law firm

律師收費 billing by lawyer

律師網站 lawyer website

律師協會 National Bar (Lawyer) Association

律師協會會員 member of Lawyer Association

律師協會秘書長 cretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association

律師協會章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition

律師業務室 lawyer’s office

律師執業證 lawyer licen

律師助理 assistant lawyer

律師資格考試 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam

律師資格證 lawyer qualification certificate

民事案件 civil ca

民事調解 civil mediation

民事訴訟 civil litigation

派出所 local police station; police substation

判決 judgement(用于民事、行政案件);

determination(用于終審);

ntence(用于刑事案);

verdict(由陪審團作出)

旁證 circumstantial evidence

企業章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw

企業重組 corporate restructure

起訴狀 information; indictment

取消律師資格 disbar

全國律師代表大會 National Lawyer Congress

缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default

人民法院 People’s Court

人民檢察院 People’s Procuratorate

認定事實 determine facts

上訴案件 ca of trial of cond instance; appellate ca

上訴人 appellant

上訴狀 petition for appeal

涉外律師 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters

申請復議 administrative reconsideration petition

申請加入律師協會 application for admission to Law Association

申請人 petitioner; claimant

申訴案件 appeal ca

申訴人（仲裁） claimant; plaintiff

申訴書 appeal for revision, petition for revision

實習律師 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period

實習律師證 certificate of apprentice lawyer

視聽證據 audio-visual reference material

適用法律 apply law to facts

受害人 victim

書證 documentary evidence

司法部 Ministry of Justice

司法建議書 judicial advi

司法局 Judicial Bureau

司法局副局長 deputy director of Judicial Bureau

司法局局長 director of Judicial Bureau

司法統一考試 uniform judicial exam

送達 rvice of process

訴訟 litigation; action; lawsuit

訴訟當事人 litigation party; litigious party

訴訟業務 litigation practice

訴狀 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim

推銷法律服務 promote/market legal rvice

外國律師事務所 foreign law office

委托代理合同 authorized reprentation contract

委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent

委托授權書 power of attorney

物證 material evidence

嫌疑人 criminal suspect

項目融資 project financing

項目談判 project negotiating

刑事案件 criminal ca

刑事訴訟 criminal litigation

行政訴訟 administrative litigation

休庭 adjourn the court; recess

宣判 pronounce judgement; determination

宣誓書 affidavit

業務進修 attendance in advanced studies

一審案件 ca of trial of first instance

與國外律師事務所交流 communicate with foreign law firms

原告 plaintiff

證券律師 curities lawyer

證人證言 testimony of witness; affidavit

執行筆錄 execution record

執業登記 registration for practice

執業范圍 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area

執業申請 practice application

執業證年檢 annual inspection of lawyer licen

仲裁 arbitration

仲裁案件 arbitration ca

仲裁機構 arbitration agency

專門律師 specialized lawyer

專職律師 professional lawyer; full-time lawyer

撰寫法律文章 write legal thesis

資信調查 credit standing investigation

自訴案件 private procuting ca

二、 訴訟法律

案件 ca

案件發回 remand/rimit a ca (to a low court)

案件名稱 title of a ca

案卷材料 materials in the ca

案情陳述書 statement of ca

案外人 person other than involved in the ca

案值 total value involved in the ca

敗訴方 losing party

辦案人員 personnel handling a ca

保全措施申請書 application for protective measures

報案 report a ca (to curity authorities)

被告 defendant; the accud

被告人最后陳述 final statement of the accud

被告向原告第二次答辯 rejoinder

被害人 victim

被害人的訴訟代理人 victim’s agent ad litem

被上訴人 respondent; the appellee

被申請人 respondent

被申請執行人 party against whom execution is filed

被執行人 person subject to enforcement

本訴 principal action

必要共同訴訟人 party in necessary co-litigation

變通管轄 jurisdiction by accord

辯護 defen

辯護律師 defen attorney/lawyer

辯護人 defender

辯護證據 exculpatory evidence; defen evidence

辯論階段 stage of court debate

駁回反訴 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim

駁回請求 deny/dismiss a motion

駁回上訴、維持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original

judgement/ruling

駁回訴訟 dismiss an action/suit

駁回通知書 notice of dismissal

駁回自訴 dismiss/reject a private procution

駁回自訴裁定書 ruling of dismissing private-procuting ca

補充答辯 supplementary answer

補充判決 supplementary judgement

補充偵查 supplementary investigation

不公開審理 trial in camera

不立案決定書 written decision of no ca-filing

不批準逮捕決定書 written decision of disapproving an arrest

不起訴 nol pros

不予受理起訴通知書 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court

財產保全申請書 application for attachment; application for property

prervation

裁定 order; determination (指最終裁定)

裁定管轄 jurisdiction by order

裁定書 order; ruling

裁決書 award

采信的證據 admitted evidence

查封 al up

撤回上訴 withdraw appeal

撤訴 withdraw a lawsuit

撤銷立案 revoke a ca placed on file

撤銷原判，發回重審 rescind the original judgement and remand the ca

ro the original court for retrial

出示的證據 exhibit

除權判決 invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)

傳喚 summon; call

傳聞證據 hearsay

答辯 answer; reply

答辯陳述書 statement of defence

答辯狀 answer; reply

大法官 associate justices; justice

大檢察官 deputy chief procurator

代理控告 agency for accusation

代理申訴 agency for appeal

代理審判員 acting judge

代為申請取保候審 agency for application of the bail pending trial with

restricted liberty of moving

彈劾式訴訟 accusatory procedure

當事人陳述 statement of the parties

當庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or ntence in court

地區管轄 territorial jurisdiction

地區檢察分院 inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate

第三人 third party

調查筆錄 record of investigation

定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or ntence later on a fixed date

定罪證據 incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence

凍結 freeze

督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge

獨任庭 sole-judge bench

獨任仲裁員 sole arbitrator

對妨礙民事訴訟的強制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of

civil action

對席判決 judgement inter parties

二審 trial of cond instance

二審案件 ca of trial of cond insurance

罰款 impo a fine

法定證據 statutory legal evidence

法定證據制度 system of legal evidence

法官 judges

法警 bailiff; court police

法律文書 legal instruments/papers

法律援助 legal aid

法律咨詢 legal consulting

法庭辯論 court debate

法庭調查 court investigation

法庭審理筆錄 court record

法庭審理方式 mode of court trial

法庭庭長 chief judge of a tribunal

法院 court

法院公告 court announcement

反訴 counterclaim

反訴答辯狀 answer with counterclaim

反訴狀 counterclaim

犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect

附帶民事訴訟案件 a collateral civil action

附帶民事訴訟被告 defendant of collateral civil action

復查 reexamination; recheck

復驗 reinspect

高級法官 nior judge

高級檢察官 nior procurator

高級人民法院 Higher People’s Court

告訴案件 ca of complaint

告訴才處理的案件 ca accepted at complaint

告訴申訴庭 complaint and petition division

工讀學校 work-study school for delinquent children

公安部 Ministry of Public Security

公安分局 public curity sub-bureau

公安廳 public curity bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous

regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government

公開審理 trial in public

公開審判制度 open trial system

公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation

公訴案件 public-procuting ca

公訴詞 statement of public procution

公證機關 public notary office

共同管轄 concurrent jurisdiction

管轄 jurisdiction

國際司法協助 international judicial assistance

海事法院 maritime court

合議庭 collegial panel

合議庭評議筆錄 record of deliberating by the collegiate bench

和解 composition; compromi

核對訴訟當事人身份 check identity of litigious parties

恢復執行 resumption of execution

回避 withdrawal

混合式訴訟 mixed action

基層人民法院 basic People’s Court

羈押期限 term in custody

級別管轄 subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels

監視居住 living at home under surveillance

監獄 prison

檢察官 procurator

檢察權 procutorial power

檢察委員會 procuratorial/procutorial committee

檢察院 procuratorate

檢察院派出機構 outpost tribunal of procuratorate

簡易程序 summary procedure

鑒定結論 expert conclusion

經濟審判庭 economic tribunal

徑行判決 direct adjudication without ssions; judgement without notice

糾問式訴訟 inquisitional proceedings

拘傳 summon by force; summon by warrant

拘留所 detention hou

舉報 information/report of an offence

舉證責任 burden of proof; onus probandi

決定書 decision

軍事法院 military procuratorate

開庭審理 open a court ssion

開庭通知 notice of court ssion

勘驗筆錄 record of inquest

看守所 detention hou

可執行財產 executable property

控告式訴訟 accusatory proceedings

控訴證據 incriminating evidence

控訴職能 accusation function

扣押 distrain on; attachment

扣押物 distress/distraint

寬限期 period of grace

勞動爭議仲裁申請書 petition for labor dispute arbitration

勞改場 reform-through-labor farm

勞教所 reeducation-through-labor office

類推判決的核準程序 procedure for examination and approval of analogical

ntence

累積證據 cumulative evidence

立案報告 place a ca on file

立案管轄 functional jurisdiction

立案決定書 written decision of ca-filing

立案偵查 report of placing a ca on file

利害關系人 interested party

臨時裁決書 interim award

律師見證書 lawyer’s written attestation;

authentication

律師事務所 law office; law firm

律師提前介入 prior intervention by lawyer

免于刑事處分 exemption from criminal penalty

民事案件 civil ca

民事審判庭 civil tribunal

民事訴訟 civil action

民事訴訟法 Civil Procedural Law

扭送 ize and deliver a suspect to the police

’s written lawyer

派出法庭 detached tribunal

派出所 police station

判決 judgement; determination

判決書 judgement; determination; verdict (指陪審團作出的)

旁證 circumstantial evidence

陪審員 juror

批準逮捕 approval of arrest

破案 clear up a criminal ca; solve a criminal ca

破產 bankruptcy; insolvency

普通程序 general/ordinary procedure

普通管轄 general jurisdiction

企業法人破產還債程序 procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a

business corporation

起訴 filing of a lawsuit

起訴 sue; litigate; procute; institution of proceedings

起訴狀 indictment; information

區縣檢察院 grassroots People’s Procuratorate

取保候審 the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving

缺席判決 default judgement

人民調解委員會 People’s Mediation Committee

認定財產無主案件 cas concerning determination of property as

qwnerless

認定公民無民事行為能力、限制民事行為能力案件cas concerning

determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing

capacity

上訴 appeal

上訴人 appellant

上訴狀 petition for appeal

少管所 juvenile prison

社會治安綜合治理 comprehensive treatment of social curity

涉外案件 cas involving foreign interests

涉外民事訴訟 foreign civil proceedings

涉外刑事訴訟 foreign criminal proceedings

申請人 applicant; petitioner

申請書 petition; application for arbitration

申請執行人 execution applicant

申訴人宣誓書 claimant’s affidavit of authenticity

申訴書 appeal for revision; petition for revision

神示證據制度 system of divinity evidence

神示制度 ordeal system

審查案件 ca review

審查并決定逮捕 examine and decide arrest

審查起訴階段 stage of review and procution

審理通知書 notice of hearing

審判長 presiding judge

審判長宣布開庭 presiding judge announce court in ssion

審判管轄 adjudgement/trial jurisdiction

審判監督程序 procedure for trial supervision

審判委員會 judicial committee

審判員 judge

審問式訴訟 inquisitional proceedings

生效判決裁定 legally effective judgement/order

勝訴方 winning party

省市自治區檢察院 higher People’s Procuratorate

失蹤和死亡宣告 declaration of disappearance and death

實（質）體證據 substantial evidence

實物證據 tangible evidence

實在證據 real evidence

示意證據 demonstrative evidence

視聽證據 audio-visual evidence

收容所 collecting post; safe retreat

首席大法官 chief justice

首席檢察官 chief procurator

受害人的近親屬 victim’s immediate family

受理 acceptance

受理刑事案件審批表 registration form of acceptance of criminal ca

受送達人 the addre

書記員 court clerk

書記員宣讀法庭紀律 court clerk reads court rules

書證 documentary evidence

司法部 Ministry of Justice

司法機關 judicial organizatons

司法警察 judicial police

司法局 judicial bureau

司法廳 judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions,

and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government

司法協助 judicial assistance

死緩的復核 judicial review of death ntence with a retrieve

死刑復核程序 procedure for judicial review of death ntence

死刑復核權 competence for judicial review of death ntence

送達 rvice of process

送達傳票 rvice of summons/subpoena

送達訴狀 rvice of bill of complaint

搜查 arch

訴 sue; suit; action; lawsuit

訴前財產保全 property attachment prior to lawsuit

訴訟 litigation; lawsuit; sue; action

訴訟保全 attachment

訴訟參加人 litigious participants

訴訟代理人 agent ad litem

訴狀 complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim

特別程序 special procedures

提起公訴 institute a public procution

鐵路法院 railway court

鐵路檢察院 railroad transport procuratorate

庭審程序 procedure of court trial

通緝 wanted for arrest

投案 appearance

退回補充偵查 return of a ca for supplementary investigation

委托辯護 entrusted defen

未成年人法庭 juvenile court

無行政職務的法官 associate judge

無正當理由拒不到庭 refu to appear in court without due cau

無罪判決 acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”

物證 material evidence

先予執行申請書 application for advanced execution

先予執行 advanced execution

刑事案件 criminal ca

刑事拘留 criminal detention

刑事強制拘留 criminal coercive/compulsory measures

刑事審判庭 criminal tribunal

刑事訴訟 criminal proceedings

刑事訴訟法 Criminal Procedural Law

刑事自訴狀 lf-incriminating criminal complaint

行政案件 administrative ca

行政審判庭 administrative tribunal

行政訴訟 administrative proceedings

行政訴訟法 Administrative Procedural Law

宣告失蹤、宣告死亡案件 cas concerning the declaration of disappearance

and death

宣判筆錄 record of rendition of judgement

選民資格案件 cas concerning qualifications of voters

詢問證人 inquire/question a witness

訓誡 reprimand

訊問筆錄 record of interrogation

詢問犯罪嫌疑人 interrogate criminal suspect

言詞證據 verbal evidence

要求傳喚證人申請書 application for subpoena

一裁終局 arbitration award shall be final and binding

一審 trial of first instance

一審案件 ca of trial of first instance

應訴通知書 notice of respondence to action

有罪判決 ntence; finding of “guilty”

予審 preliminary examinantion; pretrial

原告 plaintiff

院長 court president

閱卷筆錄 record of file review (by lawyers)

再審案件 ca of retrial

再審申請書 petition for retrial

責令具結悔過 order to sign a statement of repentance

債權人會議 creditors’ meeting

偵查階段 investigation stage

偵查終結 conclusion of investigation

征詢原、被告最后意見 consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and

defendant

證據 evidence

證據保全 prerve evidence

證據保全申請書 application for evidence prervation

證人證言 testimony of witness; affidavit

支付令 payment order/warrant

知識產權庭 intellectual property tribunal

執行程序 procedure execution

執行逮捕 execution of arrest

執行和解 conciliation of execution

執行回轉 recovery of execution

執行庭 executive tribunal

執行異議 objection to execution

執行員 executor

執行中止 discontinuance of execution

執行終結 conclusion of execution

指定辯護 appointed defen

指定仲裁員聲明 statement of appointing arbitrator

中級人民法院 intermediate People’s Court

中途退庭 retreat during court ssion without permission

仲裁 arbitration

仲裁被訴人 respondent; defendant

仲裁裁決 award

仲裁申請書 arbitration

仲裁申訴人 claimant; plaintiff

仲裁庭 arbitration tribunal

仲裁委員會 arbitration committee

仲裁協議 arbitration agreement; claus of arbitration

仲裁員 arbitrator

主訴檢察官 principal procurator

助理檢察官 assistant procurator

助理審判員 assistant judge

專門法院 special court

專門管轄 specific jurisdiction

專屬管轄 exclusive jurisdiction

追究刑事責任 investigate for criminal responsibility

自首 confession to justice

自訴案件 private-procuting ca

自行辯護 lf-defen

自由心證制度 doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence

自偵案件 lf-investigating ca

最高人民法院 the Supreme People’s Court

最高人民檢察院 the Supreme People’s Procuratorate

最后裁決書 final award

三、 民事法律

法律淵源 source of law

制定法 statute

判例法 ca law; precedent

普通法 common law

特別法 special law

固有法 native law; indigenous law

繼受法 adopted law

實體法 substantial law

程序法 procedural law

原則法 fundamental law

例外法 exception law

司法解釋 judicial interpretation

習慣法 customary law

公序良俗 public order and moral

自然法 natural law

羅馬法 Roman Law

私法 private law

公法 public law

市民法 jus civile

萬民法 jus gentium

民法法系 civil law system

英美法系 system of Anglo-American law

大陸法系 civil law system

普通法 common law

大陸法 continental law

羅馬法系 Roman law system

英吉利法 English law

衡平法 equity; law of equity

日爾曼法 Germantic law

教會法 ecclesiastical law

寺院法 canon law

伊斯蘭法 Islamic law

民法法律規范 norm of civil law

授權規范 authorization norm

禁止規范 forbidding norm

義務性規范 obligatory norm

命令性規范 commanding norm

民法基本原則 fundamental principles of civil law

平等原則 principle of equality

自愿原則 principle of free will

公平原則 principle of justice

等價有償原則 principle of equal value exchange

誠實信用原則 principle of good faith

行為 act

作為 act

不作為 omission

合法行為 lawful act

違法行為 unlawful act

民事權利權利能力 civil right

絕對權 absolute right

相對權 relative right

優先權 right of priority

先買權 preemption

原權 antecedent right

救濟權 right of relief

支配權 right of dominion

請求權 right of claim

物上請求權 right of claim for real thing

形成權 right of formation

撤銷權 right of claiming cancellation

否認權 right of claiming cancellation

解除權 right of renouncement

代位權 subrogated right

選擇權 right of choice

承認權 right of admission

終止權 right of termination

抗辯權 right of defen

一時性抗辯權 momentary right of defen

永久性抗辯權 permanent counter-argument right

不安抗辯權 unstable counter-argument right

同時履行抗辯權 defen right of simultaneous performance

既得權 tested right

期待權 expectant right

專屬權 exclusive right

非專屬權 non-exclusive right

人身權利 personal right

人權 human right

人格權 right of personality

生命健康權 right of life and health

姓名權 right of name

名稱權 right of name

肖像權 right of portraiture

自由權 right of freedom

名譽權 right reputation

隱私權 right of privacy

私生活秘密權 right of privacy

貞操權 virginity right

身份權 right of status

親權 parental power; parental right

親屬權 right of relative

探視權 visitation right

配偶權 right of spou

榮譽權 right of honor

權利的保護 protection of right

公力救濟 public protection

私力救濟 lf-protection

權利本位 standard of right

社會本位 standard of society

無責任行為 irresponsible right

正當防衛 justifiable right; ligitimate defence

防衛行為 act of defence

自為行為 lf-conducting act

緊急避險 act of rescue; necessity

自助行為 act of lf-help

不可抗力 force majeure

意外事件 accident

行為能力 capacity for act

意思能力 capacity of will

民事行為 civil act

意思表示 declaration of intention

意思表示一致 meeting of minds; connsus

完全行為能力 perfect capacity for act

限制行為能力 restrictive capacity for act

準禁治產人 quasi-interdicted person

保佐 protection

自治產人 minor who is capable of administering his own capacity

無行為能力 incapacity for act

禁治產人 interdicted person

自然人 natural person

公民 citizen

住所 domicile

居所 residence

經常居住地 frequently dwelling place

戶籍 census register

監護 guardianship

個體工商戶 individual business

農村承包經營戶 leaholding rural houhold

合伙 partnership

合伙人 partner

合伙協議 partnership agreement

合伙財產 property of partnership

合伙債務 debt of partnership

入伙 join partnership

退伙 withdrawal from partnership

合伙企業 partnership business establishment

個人合伙 partnership

法人合伙 partnership of legal person

特別合伙 special partnership

普通合伙 general partnership

有限合伙 limited partnership

民事合伙 civil partnership

隱名合伙 sleeping partnership; dormant partnership

私營企業 private enterpri; proprietorship

法人 legal person

企業法人 legal body of enterpri

企業集團 group of enterpri

關聯企業 affiliate enterpri

個人獨資企業 individual business establishment

國有獨資企業 solely state-owned enterpri

中外合資企業 Sino-foreign joint venture enterpri

中外合作企業 Sino-foreign contractual enterpri

社團法人 legal body of mass organization

財團法人 legal body of financial group

聯營 joint venture

法人型聯營 association of legal persons

合伙型聯營 coordinated management in partnership

協作型聯營 cooperation-type coordinated management

合作社 cooperative

民事法律行為 civil legal act

單方民事法律行為 unilateral civil legal act

雙方民事法律行為 bilateral civil legal act

多方民事法律行為 joint act civil legal act

有償民事法律行為 civil legal act with consideration

無償民事法律行為 civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act

without award

實踐性民事法律行為 practical civil legal act

諾成性民事法律行為 conntal civil legal act

要式民事法律行為 formal civil legal act

不要式民事法律行為 informal civil legal act

要因民事法律行為 causative civil legal act

不要因民事法律行為 noncausative civil legal act

主民事法律行為 principal civil legal act

從民事法律行為 accessory civil legal act

附條件民事法律行為 conditional civil legal act

附期限民事法律行為 civil legal act with term

生前民事法律行為 civil legal act before death

死后民事法律行為 civil legal act after death

準民事法律行為 quasi-civil legal act

無效行為 ineffective act

可撤銷民事行為 revocable civil act

違法行為 illegal act; unlawful act

侵權行為 tort

欺詐 fraud

脅迫 duress

乘人之危 taking advantage of others’ precarious position

以合法形式掩蓋非法目的 legal form concealing illegal intention

惡意串通 malicious collaboration

重大誤解 gross misunderstanding

顯失公平 obvious unjust

誤傳 misreprentation

代理 agency

本人 principal

被代理人 principal

受托人 trustee

代理人 agent

本代理人 original agent

法定代理人 statutory agent; legal agent

委托代理人 agent by mandate

指定代理人 designated agent

復代理人 subagent

再代理人 subagent

轉代理人 subagent

代理權 right of agency

授權行為 act of authorization

授權委托書 power of attorney

代理行為 act of agency

委托代理 agency by mandate

本代理 original agency

復代理 subagency

次代理 subagency

有權代理 authorized agency

表見代理 agency by estoppel; apparent agency

律師代理 agency by lawyer

普通代理 general agency

全權代理 general agency

全權代理委托書 general power of attorney

共同代理 joint agency

獨家代理 sole agency

居間 brokerage

居間人 broker

行紀 commission; broker hou

信托 trust

時效 time limit; prescription; limitation

時效中止 suspension of prescription/limitation

時效中斷 interruption of limitation/prescription

時效延長 extension of limitation

取得時效 acquisitive prescription

時效終止 lap of time; termination of prescription

期日 date

期間 term

涉外民事關系 civil relations with foreign elements

沖突規范 rule of conflict

準據法 applicable law; governing law

反致 renvoi; remission

轉致 transmission

識別 identification

公共秩序保留 rerve of public order

法律規避 evasion of law

國籍 nationality

國有化 nationalization

法律責任 legal liability

民事責任 civil liability/responsibility

行政責任 administrative liability/responsibility

刑事責任 criminal liability/responsibility

違約責任 liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default

有限責任 limited liability

無限責任 unlimited liability

按份責任 shared/veral liability

連帶責任 joint and veral liability

過失責任 liability for negligence; negligent liability

過錯責任 fault liability; liability for fault

單獨過錯 sole fault

共同過錯 joint fault

混合過錯 mixed fault

被害人過錯 victim’s fault

第三人過錯 third party’s fault

推定過錯 presumptive fault

惡意 bad faith; malice

故意 deliberate intention; intention; willfulness

過失 negligence

重大過失 gross negligence

疏忽大意的過失 careless and inadvertent negligence

過于自信的過失 negligence with undue assumption

損害事實 facts of damage

有形損失 tangible damage/loss

無形損失 intangible damage/loss

財產損失 property damage/loss

人身損失 personal damage/loss

精神損失 spiritual damage/loss

民事責任承擔方式 methods of bearing civil liability

停止侵害 cea the infringing act

排除妨礙 exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle

消除危險 elimination of danger

返還財產 restitution of property

恢復原狀 restitution; restitution of original state

賠償損失 compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss

支付違約金 payment of liquidated damage

消除影響 eliminate ill effects

恢復名譽 rehabilitate one’s reputation

賠禮道歉 extend a formal apology

物權 jus ad rem; right in rem; real right

物權制度 real right system; right in rem system

一物一權原則 the principal of One thing, One Right

物權法定主義 principal of legality of right in rem

物權公示原則 principal of public summons of right in rem

物權法 jus rerem

物 property

生產資料 raw material for production

生活資料 means of livelihood; means of subsistence

流通物 res in commercium; a thing in commerce

限制流通物 limited merchantable thing

禁止流通物 res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce

資產 ast

固定資產 fixed ast

流動資產 current ast; floating ast

動產 movables; chattel

不動產 immovable; real estate

特定物 res certae; a certain thing

種類物 genus; indefinite thing

可分物 res divisibiles; divisible things

不可分物 res indivisibiles; indivisible things

主物 res capitalis; a principal thing

從物 res accessoria; an accessory thing

原物 original thing

孳息 fruits

天然孳息 natural fruits

法定孳息 legal fruits

無主物 bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods

遺失物 lost property

漂流物 drifting object

埋藏物 fortuna; hidden property

貨幣 currency

證券 curities

債券 bond

物權分類 classification of right in rem/real right

自物權 jus in re propria; right of full ownership

所有權 dominium; ownership; title

所有權憑證 document of title; title of ownership

占有權 dominium utile; equitable ownership

使用權 right of u; right to u of

收益權 right to earnings; right to yields

處分權 right of disposing; jus dispodendi

善意占有 posssion in good faith

惡意占有 malicious posssion

按份共有 veral posssion

共同共有 joint posssion

他物權 jus in re aliena

用益物權 real right for usufruct

使用權 right to u; right of u

土地使用權 right to the u of land

林權 forest ownership

采礦權 mining ownership

經營權 managerial authority; power of management

承包經營權 right to contracted management

相鄰權 neighboring right; relatedright

地上權 superficies

永佃權 jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity

through a contract

地役權 rvitude; eament

人役權 rvitus personarum; personal rvitude

擔保物權 real right for curity

物的擔保 curity for thing

物的瑕疵擔保 warranty against defect of a thing

抵押權 hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage

抵押權的設定 creation of right to mortgage

抵押人 mortgagor

抵押權人 mortgagee

抵押標的物 collateral; estate under mortgage

抵押權的效力 deffect of right to mortgage

抵押權的次序 quence of right to mortgage

抵押權的拋棄 abandonment of right to mortgage

抵押權的讓與 alienation of right to mortgage

抵押權的實現 materialization of right to mortgage

抵押權的消滅 extinction of right to

mortgageregistration of estate under mortgage

抵押物登記 registration of estate under mortgage

抵押優先權 priority of mortgage

留置權 lien

一般留置權 general lien

特別留置權 special lien

質權 hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge

佃權 tenant right

債權 jus in personam; right to give or procure; claim; creditor’s right

債權人 creditor

債務人 debtor

相對人 counterpart; offeree

給付 give; pay

債務 debt; liability; obligation

債務的償還 payment of debt

債務的償清 discharge of debt

債務的擔保 guarantee of debt

債務的合并 consolidation of debt

債務的給付日期 debt maturity

債務的免除 exemption of debt

債的分類 obligatio; obligation

法定之債 legal obligation

任意之債 voluntary obligation

簡單之債 simple obligation

選擇之債 alternative obligation

主債 prime/principal obligation

從債 accessory obligation

單一之債 single obligation

按份之債 veral obligation

連帶之債 joint obligation

特定之債 certain obligation

種類之債 indefinite obligation

合同之債 contractual obligation

侵權行為之債 tort obligation

損害賠償之債 obligation of compensation for

damages

人身損害 damage to person

精神損害 moral/mental/spiritual damage

醫藥費 hospital treatment expen

醫療費 medical charge

撫恤金 pension

慰問金 consolation money

產品瑕疵 defect of product

不當得利 unjust enrichment

無因管理 voluntary rvice

債的擔保 guarantee of obligation

財產擔保 property guarantee

信用擔保 credit guarantee

讓與擔保 alienation guarantee

保證 guaranty

明示保證 express guaranty

obligation of injury;

默示保證 implied guaranty

保證人 guarantor

保證合同 contract of guaranty/suretyship

保證金 guaranty bond; curity deposit

押金 deposit; foregift

預付款 advanced payment

定金 earnest money; deposit

違約金 liquidated damages

法定違約金 liquidated damages by law

約定違約金 liquidated damages by agreement

債的履行 performance of obligation

實際履行原則 doctrine of specific performance

情事變更原則 doctrine of change of circumstances

不當履行 misfeasance

清償 discharge; satisfaction

提存 debtor’s submission of the subject matter of obligation to competent

authority

抵銷 toff

知識產權 intellectual property

知識產權國際保護 international protection of intellectual property

國民待遇原則 doctrine of national treatment

優先權原則 a right of priority doctrine

自動保護原則 doctrine of automatic protection

特許權使用費 royalties

智力成果 intellectual property

著作權 copyright

版權 copyright

著作權人 copyright owner

創作 creation

作品 opus; product; work

著作人格權 right of personality of copyright

發表權 right of publication

署名權 right of authorship; right of paternity

修改權 right of modification; right of revision

完整性保持權 right to maintain integrity

不可侵犯權 inviolability

收回權 right of recall; right of retrieval

自費出版 publish a book at the author’s own expen

著作財產權 property right in work

使用收益分享權 right to share usufruct

利用權 right to make u of

獲得報酬權 right to get payment

重播權 right of rebroadcasting

錄制權 right of fixation

機械復制權 right of mechanograph; right of mechanical reproduction

著作鄰接權 neighboring right of copyright

剽竊 plagiary; plagiarism

盜版 pirate

盜版VCD pirated VCD

偽造 forge

工業產權 industrial property

專利權 patent right

優先權日 priority date

申請在先原則 prior application rule

使用在先 priority of u

新穎性 novelty

創造性 creativity

實用性 practicability

發明創造 invention and creation

實用新型 utility model

外觀設計 design; industrial design

發明權 right of invention

發現權 right of discovery

專利申請 patent application

專利異議 objection to a patent

專利公告 patent gazette

專利續展費 renewal fee of patent

專利許可協議 patent licensing agreement

技術訣竅 know-how

專有技術 know-how

專利證書 certificate of patent

專利事務所 patent office

專利代理 patent agency

中華人民共和國專利局 Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China

商標權 trademark right

商標國際注冊 international registration of trademark

商品商標 commodity trademark

服務商標 rvice trademark

馳名商標 reputed trademark

廣告商標 advertiment trademark

近似商標 similar trademark

商標評審委員會 trade review and appraisal board

商標審查 trademark examination

商標侵權 trademark infringement

商標注冊 registered trademark

商標公告 trademark gazette

注冊商標使用許可 licensing of registered trademark

注冊商標轉讓 assignment of registered trademark